ChaoZhang
该策略主要应用多时间框架(MTF)的MA线交叉来判断趋势方向,并结合特定条件过滤信号,在趋势方向较清晰时选择买入做多或卖出做空,属于趋势跟踪类型策略。
策略原理
输入用户自定义的回测时间范围。
输入是否使用阳线阴线合成的Heikin-Ashi蜡烛图,默认使用。
分别定义慢速MA线、快速MA线和可选的第三条震荡上涨时使用的MA线。
对于每条MA线都可自定义MA类型、时间周期和参数等。
根据快速MA上穿慢速MA形成买入信号,下穿形成卖出信号。
可选择使用第三条MA线作为多头方向过滤器,只有当收盘价超过第三MA才产生买入信号。
采用strategy.entry模块进行自动交易。
可自定义每手交易数量或使用固定交易量。
策略优势
使用MTF架构,不同MA线可采用不同周期,识别多时间尺度上的趋势特征。
可自定义MA类型,可选择平滑类MA提高稳定性,也可选择响应敏捷的MA。
结合Heikin-Ashi可过滤假突破。
可额外添加第三条MA线作为多头方向过滤器,避免震荡行情交易。
可灵活调整MA周期参数,适合不同市场环境。
使用strategy.entry模块可自动下单,无需手动干预交易。
支持回测优化参数,寻找最佳参数组合。
策略风险
MA交叉策略对突破假信号敏感,可能产生不必要交易。可以适当调整MA周期或增加过滤条件来降低风险。
在震荡行情中,MA线交叉频繁,容易造成亏损。可以适当加宽MA间距或延长MA周期来降低风险。
固定交易量无法控制风险,可以考虑按账户资金的百分比设定交易量。
交易费用和滑点也会影响策略盈利能力。可以适当调整参数,确保胜率足够高。
优化方向
测试不同的MA类型,寻找最佳参数组合。Smooth MA可提高稳定性,快速MA可提升敏捷性。
优化MA的参数,适当拉长周期有利于识别趋势,缩短周期可提高敏感度。找到最佳平衡点。
优化开仓条件,可考虑加强多头过滤,避免在震荡市中开仓。
可针对特定品种优化MA周期参数,找到最符合该品种交易环境的参数。
可以考虑结合其他指标作为过滤器提高策略稳定性,例如交易量能量指标等。
针对回测数据进行参数组合优化,寻找最佳参数以提高策略效果。
总结
多时间框架MA交叉策略整体属于较为常见的趋势跟踪策略。其优点是实现简单,参数调整灵活,可适应不同市场环境。但也存在一定的假信号风险。可通过参数优化以及添加辅助过滤条件来改进,在回测中寻找最佳参数组合。该策略更适合趋势明显的市场,在震荡行情中应审慎使用或停止交易。整体来说,作为一种较为传统的趋势跟踪策略,多时间框架MA交叉策略依然值得专门研究与应用。
策略源码
/*backtest
start: 2023-11-08 00:00:00
end: 2023-11-15 00:00:00
period: 1h
basePeriod: 15m
exchanges: [{"eid":"Futures_Binance","currency":"BTC_USDT"}]
*/
//@version=4
strategy(shorttitle="MZ MA Cross",title="MA MTF Cross Strategy", overlay=true, calc_on_order_fills=false, calc_on_every_tick=false, default_qty_type=strategy.fixed, default_qty_value=5,commission_value=0.1)
timeFrameticker = input('D',type=input.resolution, title="Chart Timeframe")
uha =input(true, title="Use Heikin Ashi Candles")
// Use only Heikinashi Candles for all calculations
haclose = uha ? security(heikinashi(syminfo.tickerid), timeFrameticker, close) : security(syminfo.tickerid, timeFrameticker, close)
haopen = uha ? security(heikinashi(syminfo.tickerid), timeFrameticker, open) : security(syminfo.tickerid, timeFrameticker, open)
hahigh = uha ? security(heikinashi(syminfo.tickerid), timeFrameticker, high) : security(syminfo.tickerid, timeFrameticker, high)
halow = uha ?security(heikinashi(syminfo.tickerid), timeFrameticker, low) : security(syminfo.tickerid, timeFrameticker, low)
//Backtest dates
fromMonth = input(defval = 1, title = "From Month", type = input.integer, minval = 1, maxval = 12)
fromDay = input(defval = 1, title = "From Day", type = input.integer, minval = 1, maxval = 31)
fromYear = input(defval = 2021, title = "From Year", type = input.integer, minval = 1970)
thruMonth = input(defval = 12, title = "Thru Month", type = input.integer, minval = 1, maxval = 12)
thruDay = input(defval = 30, title = "Thru Day", type = input.integer, minval = 1, maxval = 31)
thruYear = input(defval = 2021, title = "Thru Year", type = input.integer, minval = 1970)
showDate = input(defval = true, title = "Show Date Range", type = input.bool)
start = timestamp(fromYear, fromMonth, fromDay, 00, 00) // backtest start window
finish = timestamp(thruYear, thruMonth, thruDay, 23, 59) // backtest finish window
window() => true
src = security(heikinashi(syminfo.tickerid), timeFrameticker, close)
// INPUT MA TYPE
slowMAtype = input(title="Slow MA Type", type=input.string, defval="LRC", options=["SMA","EMA","DEMA","TEMA","LRC","WMA","MF","VAMA","TMA","HMA", "JMA", "Kijun v2", "EDSMA","McGinley"])
fastMAtype = input(title="Fast MA Type", type=input.string, defval="EDSMA", options=["SMA","EMA","DEMA","TEMA","LRC","WMA","MF","VAMA","TMA","HMA", "JMA", "Kijun v2", "EDSMA","McGinley"])
upMAcond =input(false, title="Use Uptrend Conditional 3rd MA for Confirmation")
upMAtype=input(title="Uptrend Conditional MA Type", type=input.string, defval="HMA", options=["SMA","EMA","DEMA","TEMA","LRC","WMA","MF","VAMA","TMA","HMA", "JMA", "Kijun v2", "EDSMA","McGinley"])
// INPUT RESOLUTION
slowMAresolution = input("D",type=input.resolution, title="Slow MA Resolution")
fastMAresolution = input("D",type=input.resolution, title="Fast MA Resolution")
upMAresolution = input("D",type=input.resolution, title="Uptrend Conditional MA Resolution")
haMAslow = uha ? security(heikinashi(syminfo.tickerid), slowMAresolution, close) : security(syminfo.tickerid, slowMAresolution, close)
haMAfast = uha ?security(heikinashi(syminfo.tickerid), fastMAresolution, close) : security(syminfo.tickerid, fastMAresolution, close)
haMAup = uha ?security(heikinashi(syminfo.tickerid), upMAresolution, close) : security(syminfo.tickerid, upMAresolution, close)
// INPUT LENGTHS
slowMAlength = input(50, minval=1, title="Slow MA Length")
fastMAlength = input(30, minval=1, title="Fast MA Length")
upMAlength = input(200, minval=1, title="Uptrend Conditional MA Length")
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
///// MA Function //////
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Pre-reqs
//
tema(src, len) =>
ema1 = ema(src, len)
ema2 = ema(ema1, len)
ema3 = ema(ema2, len)
(3 * ema1) - (3 * ema2) + ema3
kidiv = input(defval=1,maxval=4, title="Kijun MOD Divider")
jurik_phase = input(title="* Jurik (JMA) Only - Phase", type=input.integer, defval=3)
jurik_power = input(title="* Jurik (JMA) Only - Power", type=input.integer, defval=1)
volatility_lookback = input(10, title="* Volatility Adjusted (VAMA) Only - Volatility lookback length")
// MF
beta = input(0.8,minval=0,maxval=1,step=0.1, title="Modular Filter, General Filter Only - Beta")
feedback = input(false, title="Modular Filter Only - Feedback")
z = input(0.5,title="Modular Filter Only - Feedback Weighting",step=0.1, minval=0, maxval=1)
//EDSMA
ssfLength = input(title="EDSMA - Super Smoother Filter Length", type=input.integer, minval=1, defval=20)
ssfPoles = input(title="EDSMA - Super Smoother Filter Poles", type=input.integer, defval=2, options=[2, 3])
//----
// EDSMA
get2PoleSSF(src, length) =>
PI = 2 * asin(1)
arg = sqrt(2) * PI / length
a1 = exp(-arg)
b1 = 2 * a1 * cos(arg)
c2 = b1
c3 = -pow(a1, 2)
c1 = 1 - c2 - c3
ssf = 0.0
ssf := c1 * src + c2 * nz(ssf[1]) + c3 * nz(ssf[2])
get3PoleSSF(src, length) =>
PI = 2 * asin(1)
arg = PI / length
a1 = exp(-arg)
b1 = 2 * a1 * cos(1.738 * arg)
c1 = pow(a1, 2)
coef2 = b1 + c1
coef3 = -(c1 + b1 * c1)
coef4 = pow(c1, 2)
coef1 = 1 - coef2 - coef3 - coef4
ssf = 0.0
ssf := coef1 * src + coef2 * nz(ssf[1]) + coef3 * nz(ssf[2]) + coef4 * nz(ssf[3])
// MA Main function
ma(type, src, len) =>
float result = 0
if type=="TMA"
result := sma(sma(src, ceil(len / 2)), floor(len / 2) + 1)
if type=="MF"
ts=0.,b=0.,c=0.,os=0.
//----
alpha = 2/(len+1)
a = feedback ? z*src + (1-z)*nz(ts[1],src) : src
//----
b := a > alpha*a+(1-alpha)*nz(b[1],a) ? a : alpha*a+(1-alpha)*nz(b[1],a)
c := a < alpha*a+(1-alpha)*nz(c[1],a) ? a : alpha*a+(1-alpha)*nz(c[1],a)
os := a == b ? 1 : a == c ? 0 : os[1]
//----
upper = beta*b+(1-beta)*c
lower = beta*c+(1-beta)*b
ts := os*upper+(1-os)*lower
result := ts
if type=="LRC"
result := linreg(src, len, 0)
if type=="SMA" // Simple
result := sma(src, len)
if type=="EMA" // Exponential
result := ema(src, len)
if type=="DEMA" // Double Exponential
e = ema(src, len)
result := 2 * e - ema(e, len)
if type=="TEMA" // Triple Exponential
e = ema(src, len)
result := 3 * (e - ema(e, len)) + ema(ema(e, len), len)
if type=="WMA" // Weighted
result := wma(src, len)
if type=="VAMA" // Volatility Adjusted
/// Copyright © 2019 to present, Joris Duyck (JD)
mid=ema(src,len)
dev=src-mid
vol_up=highest(dev,volatility_lookback)
vol_down=lowest(dev,volatility_lookback)
result := mid+avg(vol_up,vol_down)
if type=="HMA" // Hull
result := wma(2 * wma(src, len / 2) - wma(src, len), round(sqrt(len)))
if type=="JMA" // Jurik
/// Copyright © 2018 Alex Orekhov (everget)
/// Copyright © 2017 Jurik Research and Consulting.
phaseRatio = jurik_phase < -100 ? 0.5 : jurik_phase > 100 ? 2.5 : jurik_phase / 100 + 1.5
beta = 0.45 * (len - 1) / (0.45 * (len - 1) + 2)
alpha = pow(beta, jurik_power)
jma = 0.0
e0 = 0.0
e0 := (1 - alpha) * src + alpha * nz(e0[1])
e1 = 0.0
e1 := (src - e0) * (1 - beta) + beta * nz(e1[1])
e2 = 0.0
e2 := (e0 + phaseRatio * e1 - nz(jma[1])) * pow(1 - alpha, 2) + pow(alpha, 2) * nz(e2[1])
jma := e2 + nz(jma[1])
result := jma
if type=="Kijun v2"
kijun = avg(lowest(len), highest(len))//, (open + close)/2)
conversionLine = avg(lowest(len/kidiv), highest(len/kidiv))
delta = (kijun + conversionLine)/2
result :=delta
if type=="McGinley"
mg = 0.0
mg := na(mg[1]) ? ema(src, len) : mg[1] + (src - mg[1]) / (len * pow(src/mg[1], 4))
result :=mg
if type=="EDSMA"
zeros = src - nz(src[2])
avgZeros = (zeros + zeros[1]) / 2
// Ehlers Super Smoother Filter
ssf = ssfPoles == 2
? get2PoleSSF(avgZeros, ssfLength)
: get3PoleSSF(avgZeros, ssfLength)
// Rescale filter in terms of Standard Deviations
stdev = stdev(ssf, len)
scaledFilter = stdev != 0
? ssf / stdev
: 0
alpha = 5 * abs(scaledFilter) / len
edsma = 0.0
edsma := alpha * src + (1 - alpha) * nz(edsma[1])
result := edsma
result
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// MA DEFINITION
slowMA = ma(slowMAtype, haMAslow , slowMAlength)
//fastMA = ma(fastMAtype, slowMA , fastMAlength)
fastMA = ma(fastMAtype, haMAfast , fastMAlength)
upMA = ma(upMAtype, haMAup , upMAlength)
closeMA = ma('SMA', src , 2)
// Strategy Conditions
L1 = crossover(fastMA,slowMA)
L2 = close > upMA
S1 = crossunder(fastMA,slowMA)
S2 = close < upMA
longcondition = upMAcond ? L1 and L2 : L1
shortcondition = upMAcond ? S1 or S2 : S1
// Plots
color_fill_uptrend = color.new(#4caf50, 80)
color_fill_downtrend = color.new(#c2185b, 80)
plot(slowMA, title='Slow MA', color=color.olive, linewidth=2)
plot(fastMA, title='Fast MA', color=color.teal, linewidth=2)
cls=plot(closeMA, title='Source Line', color=na, linewidth=1)
up = plot(upMA, title='Uptrend Conditional MA', color=color.purple, linewidth=2)
fill(up,cls, color = close > upMA ? color_fill_uptrend : color_fill_downtrend )
//plotshape(longcondition, style = shape.triangleup, color = color.green, location = location.belowbar, text = "Long", size = size.small)
//plotshape(shortcondition, style = shape.triangledown, color = color.red, location = location.abovebar, text = "Short", size = size.small)
strategy.entry(id="long", long = true, when = longcondition and window())
strategy.close("long", when = shortcondition and window())
//if (longcondition)
// strategy.entry("BUY", strategy.long, when = window())
//if (shortcondition)
// strategy.entry("SELL", strategy.short, when = window())