ChaoZhang
概要
该策略充分利用了多时框架指数移动平均线(MTF EMA)判断趋势方向和MACD指标产生买卖信号的功能,同时结合ATR指标设定止损止盈价格。策略适用于有强势趋势的数字货币和法定货币交易对,在趋势较强的市场中表现较佳。
策略原理
1. MTF EMA判断趋势
多时框架指数移动平均线(MTF EMA)可以在同一个图表上显示多个时间周期的移动平均线,从而判断资产的总体多空状态。策略这里采用1小时周期和15分钟周期的MTF EMA。
当价格高于1小时MTF EMA且1小时MTF EMA低于15分钟MTF EMA时,定义为上升趋势;当价格低于1小时MTF EMA且1小时MTF EMA高于15分钟MTF EMA时,定义为下跌趋势。
2. MACD产生买卖信号
当MACD线从下方向上突破Signal线时,产生买入信号;当从上方向下跌破时,产生卖出信号。同时设定MACD线和Signal线的交叉限制值,避免虚假信号。
3. ATR设置止损止盈
采用ATR指标设置止损止盈价格。ATR能够根据市场波动程度动态设定合理的止损止盈距离。同时根据高低点回测设置止损止盈的倍数,使止损止盈更为灵活。
交易策略
开仓信号
多头信号:上升趋势且MACD上穿Signal线且交叉值小于限制值 空头信号:下跌趋势且MACD下穿Signal线且交叉值大于限制值
平仓信号
多头止盈:价格突破ATR止盈价 多头止损:价格突破ATR止损价 空头止盈:价格突破ATR止盈价 空头止损:价格突破ATR止损价
优势分析
该策略最大的优势在于充分利用了MTF EMA判断趋势和MACD产生买卖信号的优势。MTF EMA能清晰判断总体趋势方向,避免在震荡行情频繁交易。MACD指标能较好地捕捉短期价格态势的变化,产生买卖信号。两者配合使用,能在保证捕捉趋势的同时获得较多买卖机会。此外,运用ATR指标动态跟踪止损止盈,能有效控制单笔交易的风险。
风险及解决方法
该策略主要存在两方面风险:第一是在无明显趋势时,MTF EMA可能会产生错误信号, 导致亏损;第二是MACD指标常在价格变化较大时产生误导信号,可能造成过度交易。针对第一种风险,可以适当调整MTF EMA参数,使其更能匹配价格趋势变化;第二种风险可以通过设定MACD指标的交叉限制来减轻。
优化方向
该策略可以从以下几个方面进行优化:
调整MTF EMA的周期参数,使其更能匹配不同交易品种的价格特征
优化MACD指标的快慢均线和Signal均线参数,以获得更好信号
测试不同的ATR周期参数和止盈止损倍数,获得最佳回报
添加其他辅助指标过滤信号
总结
该长空开仓策略综合运用MTF EMA判断趋势、MACD产生交易信号以及ATR动态止损止盈的方法,在有明显趋势的市场中能获得较好收益。该策略优化空间较大,通过参数调整和优化可以获得更好的表现。但需注意控制风险,避免在震荡行情中盲目交易。
策略源码
/*backtest
start: 2023-12-01 00:00:00
end: 2023-12-31 23:59:59
period: 1h
basePeriod: 15m
exchanges: [{"eid":"Futures_Binance","currency":"BTC_USDT"}]
*/
// This source code is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public License 2.0 at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/
// © Steven A. Zmuda Burke / stevenz17
//@version=4
// From Date Inputs
fromDay = input(defval = 01, title = "From Day", minval = 1, maxval = 31)
fromMonth = input(defval = 04, title = "From Month", minval = 1, maxval = 12)
fromYear = input(defval = 2022, title = "From Year", minval = 1970)
// To Date Inputs
toDay = input(defval = 01, title = "To Day", minval = 1, maxval = 31)
toMonth = input(defval = 05, title = "To Month", minval = 1, maxval = 12)
toYear = input(defval = 2022, title = "To Year", minval = 1970)
// Calculate start/end date and time condition
startDate = timestamp(fromYear, fromMonth, fromDay, 00, 00)
finishDate = timestamp(toYear, toMonth, toDay, 00, 00)
time_cond = true
// Input
strategy("LONG", overlay=true, initial_capital=1000, default_qty_type=strategy.percent_of_equity, default_qty_value=100, slippage=1, commission_type=strategy.commission.percent,
commission_value=0.015)
SOURCE = input(title = "═════════════════════ SOURCE ═════════════════════", defval = false, type = input.bool)
sourcehl2 = input(title="Source hl2 or (open+close)/2 ?",type=input.bool,defval=true)
source = sourcehl2 ? hl2 : ((open+close)/2)
//MTF EMA
MTFEMA = input(title = "════════════════════ MTF EMA ════════════════════", defval = false, type = input.bool)
res1=input(title="MTF EMA 1", type=input.resolution, defval="60")
len1 = input(title = "EMA Period 1", type=input.integer, defval=70, minval=1)
ema1 = ema(source, len1)
emaStep1 = security (syminfo.tickerid, res1, ema1, barmerge.gaps_off, barmerge.lookahead_off)
mtf1 = emaStep1
res2=input(title="MTF EMA 2", type=input.resolution, defval="15")
len2 = input(title = "EMA Period 2", type=input.integer, defval=68, minval=1)
ema2 = ema(source, len2)
emaStep2 = security (syminfo.tickerid, res2, ema2, barmerge.gaps_off, barmerge.lookahead_off)
mtf2 = emaStep2
t1 = plot(mtf1, linewidth=4, color= color.aqua, title="EMA")
t2 = plot(mtf2, linewidth=4, color= color.navy, title="EMA")
fill(t1, t2, transp = 70, color = mtf1 > mtf2 ? color.red : color.green)
///MACD
MACD= input(title = "═════════════════════ MACD ══════════════════════", defval = false, type = input.bool)
MACDsource=close
fastLength = input(13, minval=1, title="MACD fast moving average")
slowLength=input(18,minval=1, title="MACD slow moving average")
signalLength=input(24,minval=1, title="MACD signal line moving average")
MacdEmaLength =input(9, title="MACD EMA period", minval=1)
useEma = input(true, title="Use EMA (otherwise SMA)")
useOldAlgo = input(false, title="Use normal MACD")
Lmacsig=input(title="LONG MACD and signal crossover limit",type=input.integer,defval=180)
// Fast line
ma1= useEma ? ema(MACDsource, fastLength) : sma(MACDsource, fastLength)
ma2 = useEma ? ema(ma1,fastLength) : sma(ma1,fastLength)
fastMA = ((2 * ma1) - ma2)
// Slow line
mas1= useEma ? ema(MACDsource , slowLength) : sma(MACDsource , slowLength)
mas2 = useEma ? ema(mas1 , slowLength): sma(mas1 , slowLength)
slowMA = ((2 * mas1) - mas2)
// MACD line
macd = fastMA - slowMA
// Signal line
emasig1 = ema(macd, signalLength)
emasig2 = ema(emasig1, signalLength)
signal = useOldAlgo ? sma(macd, signalLength) : (2 * emasig1) - emasig2
hist = macd - signal
histline = hist > 0 ? color.green : color.red
//MACD ribbon
macdribbon=input(title="Show MACD ribbon?",type=input.bool,defval=false)
macdx=input(title="MACD ribbon multiplier", type=input.integer, defval=3, minval=1)
leadLine1 = macdribbon ? macd*macdx + source : na
leadLine2 = macdribbon ? signal*macdx + source : na
leadLine3 = hist + source
//MACD plot
p3 = plot(leadLine1, color= color.green, title="MACD", transp = 100, linewidth = 8)
p4 = plot(leadLine2, color= color.red, title="Signal", transp = 100, linewidth = 8)
fill(p3, p4, transp = 20, color = leadLine1 > leadLine2 ? #53b987 : #eb4d5c)
plot((leadLine3), color = histline, title="Histogram", linewidth = 3)
l="TEst"
upHist = (hist > 0) ? hist : 0
downHist = (hist <= 0) ? hist : 0
p1 = plot(upHist, color=color.green, transp=40, style=plot.style_columns, title='Positive delta')
p2 = plot(downHist, color=color.green, transp=40, style=plot.style_columns, title='Negative delta')
zeroLine = plot(macd, color=color.black, transp=0, linewidth=2, title='MACD line')
signalLine = plot(signal, color=color.gray, transp=0, linewidth=2, title='Signal')
ribbonDiff = color.green
fill(zeroLine, signalLine, color=ribbonDiff)
circleYPosition = signal
plot(ema(macd,MacdEmaLength) , color=color.red, transp=0, linewidth=2, title='EMA on MACD line')
ribbonDiff2 = hist > 0 ? color.green : color.red
plot(crossunder(signal,macd) ? circleYPosition : na,style=plot.style_circles, linewidth=4, color=ribbonDiff, title='Dots')
//STOCHASTIC
stochchch= input(title = "═══════════════════ STOCHASTIC ════════════════════", defval = false, type = input.bool)
StochOn = input(title="Stochastic On?",type=input.bool,defval=true)
periodK = input(10, title="K", minval=1)
periodD = input(1, title="D", minval=1)
smoothK = input(3, title="Smooth", minval=1)
stochlimit = input(30, title="Stoch value crossover", minval=1)
k = sma(stoch(close, high, low, periodK), smoothK)
d = sma(k, periodD)
stochSignal = StochOn ? (d < stochlimit ? true : false) : true
pp= input(1, title="avg price length", minval=1)
p = ema (source, pp)
K = k + p
plot(k, title="%K", color=#0094FF)
plot(d, title="%D", color=#FF6A00)
h0 = hline(72, "Upper Band", color=#606060)
h1 = hline(20, "Lower Band", color=#606060)
fill(h0, h1, color=#9915FF, transp=80, title="Background")
//Long
LS= "════════════════════════════════ LONG CONDITIONS ═══════════════════════════"
uptrend = close > mtf1 and mtf1 < mtf2
downtrend = close < mtf1 and mtf1 > mtf2
crossMACD = crossunder(macd,signal)
LongBuy = uptrend and stochSignal? crossMACD and signal < Lmacsig and macd < Lmacsig : na
LONG = strategy.position_size > 0
SHORT = strategy.position_size < 0
FLAT = strategy.position_size == 0
plotshape(LongBuy, style=shape.xcross, text="LONG", color=color.green)
//ATR & TP/SL
ATRTPSLX= input(title = "═════════════════ LONG SL ═════════════════", defval = false, type = input.bool)
maxIdLossPcnt = input(5, "Max Intraday Loss(%)", type=input.float, minval=0.0, step=0.1)
// strategy.risk.max_intraday_loss(maxIdLossPcnt, strategy.percent_of_equity)
SSL2=input(title="Long Stop Loss when MTF EMA cross?",type=input.bool,defval=false)
SSLOP = LONG and crossunder(source, mtf1)
SlossPercOn = input(title="Long Stop Loss (%) on?",type=input.bool,defval=false)
SlossPerc = input(title="Long Stop Loss (%)", type=input.float, minval=0.0, step=0.1, defval=4.7) * 0.01
SSpricePerc = LONG and SlossPercOn? strategy.position_avg_price * (-1 - SlossPerc) : na
plot(series = SSpricePerc, linewidth=2, color= color.maroon,style=plot.style_linebr, title="Long Stop Loss %")
SSLX = LONG and crossunder(source, SSpricePerc)
SSLatr= input(title="Long Stop Loss ATR?",type=input.bool,defval=true)
useStructure=input(title="Look back for High/Lows?",type=input.bool,defval=true)
Slookback=input(title="How far to look back for High/Lows:",type=input.integer,defval=18,minval=1)
SatrLenghth=input(title="Long ATR Lenghth",type=input.integer,defval=9,minval=1)
SatrStopMultiplier=input(title="Long ATR Stop x ?", type=input.float,defval=4.3, minval=0.1,step=0.1)
Satr = atr(SatrLenghth)
LongStop = SSLatr ? ((useStructure ? lowest(low, Slookback) : source) - Satr * SatrStopMultiplier) : na
SStop = crossunder(source,LongStop)
plot(Satr, color=color.blue, title="ATR", transp=100)
plot(series = uptrend ? LongStop : na, color=color.red, style=plot.style_linebr, title="Long Trailing Stop", transp=0)
ATRTPSLXX= input(title = "═════════════════ LONG TP ═════════════════", defval = false, type = input.bool)
TpPercOn = input(title="Long Take Profit (%) on?",type=input.bool,defval=true)
TpPerc = input(title="Long Take Profit (%)", type=input.float, minval=0.0, step=0.1, defval=5.3) * 0.01
TppricePerc = LONG and TpPercOn? strategy.position_avg_price * (-1 + TpPerc) : na
plot(series = TppricePerc, linewidth=2, color= color.lime,style=plot.style_linebr, title="Long Take Profit %")
TPLX = LONG and crossunder(source, TppricePerc)
TP1=input(title="1 Long Take Profit On?",type=input.bool,defval=true)
useStructure1=input(title="Look back for High/Lows?",type=input.bool,defval=true)
STplookback=input(title="How far to look back for High/Lows for 1 TP",type=input.integer,defval=12,minval=1)
STpatrLenghth=input(title="Long ATR Lenghth 1 TP",type=input.integer,defval=24,minval=1)
SatrProfitMultiplier = input(title="First Long ATR Take Profit x ?", type=input.float,defval=5.5, minval=0.1,step=0.1)
STpatr = atr(STpatrLenghth)
LongTakeProfit = (useStructure1 ? highest(high, STplookback) : source) + STpatr * SatrProfitMultiplier
LongTP = TP1 ? crossover(source, LongTakeProfit): false
plot(series = uptrend ? LongTakeProfit: na , color=color.green, style=plot.style_linebr, title="Long Trailing Take Profit", transp=0)
// Bar color
barcolor(cross(macd, signal) ? (macd - signal > 0 ? (uptrend and macd < 0 and signal < 0 ? color.yellow : na) : (downtrend and macd > 0 and signal > 0 ? color.blue : na)) : na)
// Strategy ATR
GOLONG = LongBuy and SSLatr and FLAT
if GOLONG and TP1
strategy.entry(id="Entry LONG 1TP", long=true,comment="Entry Long")
strategy.exit("Long Profit or Loss 1TP","Entry LONG 1TP", limit=LongTakeProfit, stop=LongStop)
if SSLX
strategy.close(id="Entry LONG 1TP", comment="% Long SL EXIT")
if TPLX
strategy.close(id="Entry LONG 1TP", comment="% Long TP EXIT")
if SSLOP and SSL2
strategy.close(id="Entry LONG 1TP", comment="MTF EMA cross EXIT")
if (not time_cond)
strategy.close_all()
strategy.cancel_all()
//plot(strategy.equity, title="equity", color=red, linewidth=2, style=areabr)
//@version=4