均线交叉+MACD慢线动量策略

SMA EMA MACD
创建日期: 2024-04-12 17:16:06 最后修改: 2024-04-12 17:16:06
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均线交叉+MACD慢线动量策略

概述

该策略采用了均线交叉和MACD指标作为主要的交易信号。策略以快速均线与多条慢速均线的交叉作为开仓信号,同时结合MACD慢线柱状图的正负作为趋势判断依据。策略在开仓同时设置了多级止盈和止损,并随着持仓时间的增加不断修改止损位置以锁定利润。

策略原理

  1. 快速均线与慢速均线1交叉向上,同时收盘价在慢速均线2之上,MACD柱状图大于0,做多;
  2. 快速均线与慢速均线1交叉向下,同时收盘价在慢速均线2之下,MACD柱状图小于0,做空;
  3. 开仓同时设置多级止盈和止损,止盈位根据风险偏好设置,止损位则随着持仓时间不断调整,逐步锁定利润;
  4. 均线周期、MACD参数、止盈止损位等均可灵活调整,以适应不同市场环境。

该策略利用均线交叉捕捉趋势,同时用MACD指标进行方向确认,增强趋势判断的可靠性。多级止盈止损的设置能够更好地控制风险和利润。

策略优势

  1. 均线交叉是经典的趋势跟踪方法,能够及时捕捉趋势的形成;
  2. 多级均线的使用能够更全面地判断趋势强度和持续性;
  3. MACD指标可以有效识别趋势和判断动量,作为均线交叉的有力补充;
  4. 多级止盈和动态止损的设置既能控制风险,又能让利润奔跑,增强系统的稳健性;
  5. 参数可调,适应性强,可以根据不同品种和周期灵活设置。

策略风险

  1. 均线交叉存在信号滞后风险,可能错过早期趋势或追高;
  2. 参数设置不当可能导致过度交易或持仓时间过长,增加成本和风险;
  3. 止损位设置过于激进可能导致过早止损,止盈位设置过于保守可能影响收益;
  4. 趋势突变或市场异动可能导致策略失效。

这些风险可以通过优化参数、调整仓位、设置额外条件等方式来控制。但任何策略都无法完全规避风险,需要投资者审慎对待。

策略优化方向

  1. 可以考虑引入更多指标,如RSI、布林带等,进一步确认趋势和信号;
  2. 可以对止盈止损位的设置进行更精细的优化,如考虑ATR或百分比止盈止损;
  3. 可以根据市场波动率动态调整参数,提高适应性;
  4. 可以引入仓位管理模块,根据风险状况调整仓位大小;
  5. 可以对策略进行集合化,建立策略组合来分散风险。

通过不断的优化和改进,可以使策略更加稳健和可靠,更好地适应多变的市场环境。但优化需谨慎,避免过度拟合。

总结

该策略通过均线交叉和MACD指标相结合,构建了一个相对完整的交易系统。多级均线和多头操作的设计增强了系统的趋势捕捉能力和风险控制能力。策略逻辑清晰,便于理解和实现,适合进一步优化和改进。但在实际应用中仍需谨慎,注意控制风险。通过合理的优化和配置,该策略有望成为稳健有效的交易工具。

策略源码 
/*backtest
start: 2023-04-06 00:00:00
end: 2024-04-11 00:00:00
period: 1d
basePeriod: 1h
exchanges: [{"eid":"Futures_Binance","currency":"BTC_USDT"}]
*/

// This source code is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public License 2.0 at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/
// © maxmirus

//@version=5
strategy("My strategy_Cross_SMA(EMA)+Macd,slow3",overlay=true)
// ver 4
// Date Inputs
startDate     = input(timestamp('2019-01-01T00:00:00+0300'), ''                              , inline='time1',
  tooltip=' Время первого бара расчета стратегии. Первый ордер может быть выставлен на следующем баре после стартового.')
finishDate    = input(timestamp('2044-01-01T00:00:00+0300'), ''                              , inline='time2',
  tooltip=' Время после которого больше не будут размещаться ордера входа в позицию.')

// Calculate start/end date and time condition
time_cond = true

//SMA(EMA) Inputs

fast=input.int(12, title="Fastlength",group="MA")
slow1=input.int(54,title="Slowlength1",group="MA")
slow2=input.int(100, title="Slowlength2",group="MA")
slow3=input.int(365, title="Slowlength3",group="MA")

fastma=input.string(title="Fastlength", defval="EMA",options=["SMA","EMA"],group="MA")
slowma1=input.string(title="Slowlength1", defval="EMA",options=["SMA","EMA"],group="MA")
slowma2=input.string(title="Slowlength2", defval="EMA",options=["SMA","EMA"],group="MA")
slowma3=input.string(title="Slowlength3", defval="EMA",options=["SMA","EMA"],group="MA")

fastlength = fastma == "EMA" ? ta.ema(close, fast) : ta.sma(close, fast)
slowlength1 = slowma1 == "EMA" ? ta.ema(close, slow1) : ta.sma(close, slow1)
slowlength2 = slowma2 == "EMA" ? ta.ema(close, slow2) : ta.sma(close, slow2)
slowlength3 = slowma3 == "EMA" ? ta.ema(close, slow3) : ta.sma(close, slow3)

//Macd Inputs

macdfastline = input.int(12, title="FastMacd",group="MACD")
macdslowline = input.int(26,title="SlowMacd",group="MACD")
macdhistline = input.int(9,title="HistMacd",group="MACD")
src=input(defval=close,title="Source",group="MACD")
sma_source = input.string(title="Oscillator MA Type",  defval="EMA", options=["SMA", "EMA"],group="MACD")
sma_signal = input.string(title="Signal Line MA Type", defval="EMA", options=["SMA", "EMA"],group="MACD")


fast_ma = sma_source == "SMA" ? ta.sma(src, macdfastline) : ta.ema(src, macdfastline)
slow_ma = sma_source == "SMA" ? ta.sma(src, macdslowline) : ta.ema(src, macdslowline)
macd = fast_ma - slow_ma
signal = sma_signal == "SMA" ? ta.sma(macd, macdhistline) : ta.ema(macd, macdhistline)
hist = macd - signal
//fastMACD = ta.ema(close, macdline) - ta.ema(close, signalline)
//signalMACD = ta.ema(MACD, histline)
//histMACD = MACD - aMACD

//EMA Plot

plot(fastlength,title="SMAfast",color=color.blue)
plot(slowlength1,title="SMAslow1",color=color.orange)
plot(slowlength2,title="SMAslow2",color=color.red)
plot(slowlength3,title="SMAslow3",color=color.black)

//Macd plot
//col_macd = input(#2962FF, "MACD Line  ", group="Color Settings", inline="MACD")
//col_signal = input(#FF6D00, "Signal Line  ", group="Color Settings", inline="Signal")
//col_grow_above = input(#26A69A, "Above   Grow", group="Histogram", inline="Above")
//col_fall_above = input(#B2DFDB, "Fall", group="Histogram", inline="Above")
//col_grow_below = input(#FFCDD2, "Below Grow", group="Histogram", inline="Below")
//col_fall_below = input(#FF5252, "Fall", group="Histogram", inline="Below")

//plot(hist, title="Histogram", style=plot.style_columns, color=(hist>=0 ? (hist[1] < hist ? col_grow_above : col_fall_above) : (hist[1] < hist ? col_grow_below : col_fall_below)))
//plot(macd, title="MACD", color=col_macd)
//plot(signal, title="Signal", color=col_signal)

//Take profit
tp1=input.float(5.1,title="Take Profit1_%",step=0.1)/100
tp2=input.float(10.1,title="Take Profit2_%",step=0.1)/100

//Stop loss
sl1=input.float(5.1,title="Stop loss1_%",step=0.1)/100
sl2=input.float(0.1,title="Stop loss2_%",step=0.1)/100
sl3=input.float(-5.5,title="Stop loss3_%", step=0.1)/100

//Qty closing position

Qty1 = input.float(0.5, title="QtyClosingPosition1",step=0.01)
Qty2 = input.float(0.25, title="QtyClosingPosition2",step=0.01)

//Take profit Long and Short

LongTake1=strategy.position_avg_price*(1+tp1)
LongTake2=strategy.position_avg_price*(1+tp2)

ShortTake1=strategy.position_avg_price*(1-tp1)
ShortTake2=strategy.position_avg_price*(1-tp2)

//Plot Levels Take 
plot(strategy.position_size > 0 ? LongTake1 : na,color=color.green,style=plot.style_linebr)
plot(strategy.position_size > 0 ? LongTake2 : na,color=color.green,style=plot.style_linebr)
plot(strategy.position_size < 0 ? ShortTake1 : na,color=color.green,style=plot.style_linebr)
plot(strategy.position_size < 0 ? ShortTake2 : na,color=color.green,style=plot.style_linebr)

//Stop loss long and short

LongStop1=strategy.position_avg_price*(1-sl1)
LongStop2=strategy.position_avg_price*(1-sl2)
LongStop3=strategy.position_avg_price*(1-sl3)
ShortStop1=strategy.position_avg_price*(1+sl1)
ShortStop2=strategy.position_avg_price*(1+sl2)
ShortStop3=strategy.position_avg_price*(1+sl3)
//Stop=strategy.position_avg_price


//Plot Levels Stop
plot(strategy.position_size > 0 ? LongStop1 : na,color=color.red,style=plot.style_linebr)
plot(strategy.position_size > 0 ? LongStop2 : na,color=color.red,style=plot.style_linebr)
plot(strategy.position_size > 0 ? LongStop3 : na,color=color.red,style=plot.style_linebr)
plot(strategy.position_size < 0 ? ShortStop1 : na,color=color.red,style=plot.style_linebr)
plot(strategy.position_size < 0 ? ShortStop2 : na,color=color.red,style=plot.style_linebr)
plot(strategy.position_size < 0 ? ShortStop3 : na,color=color.red,style=plot.style_linebr)


//Entry condition

LongCondition1 = ta.crossover(fastlength, slowlength1)
LongCondition2 = close>slowlength2
LongCondition3 = time_cond
LongCondition4=close>slowlength3
//LongCondition5=slowlength100>slowlength3
LongCondition6 = hist > 0
buy=(LongCondition1 and LongCondition2 and LongCondition3 and LongCondition4 and LongCondition6 ) and strategy.position_size<=0
//longCondition3 = nz(strategy.position_size) == 0//если отсутствует открытая позиция


ShortCondition1 = ta.crossunder(fastlength, slowlength1)
ShortCondition2 = close<slowlength2
ShortCondition3 = time_cond
ShortCondition4=close<slowlength3
//ShortCondition5=slowlength100<slowlength3
ShortCondition6=hist < 0
sell=(ShortCondition1 and ShortCondition2 and ShortCondition3 and ShortCondition4 and ShortCondition6 ) and strategy.position_size>=0



//Strategy entry

strategy.cancel_all(not strategy.position_size)

if(buy)
    strategy.cancel_all()
    strategy.entry("Buy",strategy.long)
if(sell)
    strategy.cancel_all()
    strategy.entry("Sell",strategy.short)
    
//Strategy Long exit    

var int exitCounter=0

exitCounter := not strategy.position_size or strategy.position_size > 0 and strategy.position_size[1] < 0 or strategy.position_size < 0  and strategy.position_size[1] > 0 ? 0:
               strategy.position_size > 0 and strategy.position_size[1]>strategy.position_size?  exitCounter[1] + 1:
               strategy.position_size < 0 and strategy.position_size[1]<strategy.position_size?  exitCounter[1] - 1:
               exitCounter[1]
if strategy.position_size > 0 and strategy.position_size[1]<=0
    strategy.order("Take Long1",strategy.short, qty=math.abs(strategy.position_size*Qty1), limit=LongTake1, oca_name='Long1', oca_type=strategy.oca.cancel)
if strategy.position_size > 0  and strategy.position_size[1]<=0   
    strategy.order("Take Long2",strategy.short, qty=math.abs(strategy.position_size*Qty2), limit=LongTake2, oca_name='Long2', oca_type=strategy.oca.cancel)

    
if strategy.position_size > 0  and strategy.position_size[1]<=0   
    strategy.order("Stop Long1",strategy.short, qty=math.abs(strategy.position_size),stop=LongStop1,oca_name='Long1',oca_type=strategy.oca.cancel)
if ta.change(exitCounter) and exitCounter==1
    strategy.order("Stop Long2",strategy.short, qty=math.abs(strategy.position_size),stop=LongStop2,oca_name='Long2',oca_type=strategy.oca.cancel)
if ta.change(exitCounter) and exitCounter==2
    strategy.order("Stop Long3",strategy.short, qty=math.abs(strategy.position_size),stop=LongStop3)
    
    
    
    
//  Strategy Short exit  
    
    
if strategy.position_size < 0 and strategy.position_size[1]>=0
    strategy.order("Take Short1", strategy.long, qty=math.abs(strategy.position_size*Qty1), limit=ShortTake1, oca_name='Short1', oca_type=strategy.oca.cancel)
if strategy.position_size < 0 and strategy.position_size[1]>=0 
    strategy.order("Take Short2", strategy.long, qty=math.abs(strategy.position_size*Qty2), limit=ShortTake2, oca_name='Short2', oca_type=strategy.oca.cancel)


    
if strategy.position_size < 0 and strategy.position_size[1]>=0
    strategy.order("Stop Short1",strategy.long, qty=math.abs(strategy.position_size),stop=ShortStop1,oca_name='Short1',oca_type=strategy.oca.cancel)
if ta.change(exitCounter) and exitCounter==-1
    strategy.order("Stop Short2",strategy.long, qty=math.abs(strategy.position_size),stop=ShortStop2,oca_name='Short2',oca_type=strategy.oca.cancel)
if ta.change(exitCounter) and exitCounter==-2
    strategy.order("Stop Short3",strategy.long,qty=math.abs(strategy.position_size),stop=ShortStop3)
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