来自YouTube大神的「神奇的双EMA均线策略」

本期我们来探讨一个来源于YouTube的「神奇的双EMA均线策略」，这个策略被称为“股票和加密货币市场杀手”。小编我观看视频了解到这个策略是一个trading view的pine语言策略，用到了2个trading view指标。看到视频中的回测效果非常好，FMZ也支持Trading View的Pine语言，所以就忍不住想要自己回测、测试分析。那么就开始整活！这就动手把视频中的策略复刻下来。

策略使用的指标

1、EMA指标

为了简便设计，我们就不使用视频上列举的Moving Average Exponential。我们使用trading view的内置ta.ema代替（其实都一样）。

2、VuManChu Swing Free指标

这个是一个Trading View上的指标，我们需要去Trading View上把源码扒下来。

VuManChu Swing Free代码：

            pine
            
            
// This source code is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public License 2.0 at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/

// Credits to the original Script - Range Filter DonovanWall https://www.tradingview.com/script/lut7sBgG-Range-Filter-DW/
// This version is the old version of the Range Filter with less settings to tinker with

//@version=4
study(title="Range Filter - B&S Signals", shorttitle="RF - B&S Signals", overlay=true)

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//Functions
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

//Range Size Function
rng_size(x, qty, n)=> 
//    AC       = Cond_EMA(abs(x - x[1]), 1, n)
    wper      = (n*2) - 1
    avrng     = ema(abs(x - x[1]), n)
    AC = ema(avrng, wper)*qty
    rng_size = AC

//Range Filter Function
rng_filt(x, rng_, n)=>
    r          = rng_
    var rfilt  = array.new_float(2, x)
    array.set(rfilt, 1, array.get(rfilt, 0))
    if x - r > array.get(rfilt, 1)
        array.set(rfilt, 0, x - r)
    if x + r < array.get(rfilt, 1)
        array.set(rfilt, 0, x + r)
    rng_filt1 = array.get(rfilt, 0)
    
    hi_band   = rng_filt1 + r
    lo_band   = rng_filt1 - r
    rng_filt  = rng_filt1
    [hi_band, lo_band, rng_filt]
 
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//Inputs
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

//Range Source
rng_src = input(defval=close, type=input.source, title="Swing Source")

//Range Period
rng_per = input(defval=20, minval=1, title="Swing Period")

//Range Size Inputs
rng_qty   = input(defval=3.5, minval=0.0000001, title="Swing Multiplier")

//Bar Colors
use_barcolor = input(defval=false, type=input.bool, title="Bar Colors On/Off")

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//Definitions
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

//Range Filter Values
[h_band, l_band, filt] = rng_filt(rng_src, rng_size(rng_src, rng_qty, rng_per), rng_per)

//Direction Conditions
var fdir = 0.0
fdir    := filt > filt[1] ? 1 : filt < filt[1] ? -1 : fdir
upward   = fdir==1 ? 1 : 0
downward = fdir==-1 ? 1 : 0

//Trading Condition
longCond = rng_src > filt and rng_src > rng_src[1] and upward > 0 or rng_src > filt and rng_src < rng_src[1] and upward > 0 
shortCond = rng_src < filt and rng_src < rng_src[1] and downward > 0 or rng_src < filt and rng_src > rng_src[1] and downward > 0

CondIni = 0
CondIni := longCond ? 1 : shortCond ? -1 : CondIni[1]
longCondition = longCond and CondIni[1] == -1
shortCondition = shortCond and CondIni[1] == 1

//Colors
filt_color = upward ? #05ff9b : downward ? #ff0583 : #cccccc
bar_color  = upward and (rng_src > filt) ? (rng_src > rng_src[1] ? #05ff9b : #00b36b) :
             downward and (rng_src < filt) ? (rng_src < rng_src[1] ? #ff0583 : #b8005d) : #cccccc

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//Outputs
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

//Filter Plot
filt_plot = plot(filt, color=filt_color, transp=67, linewidth=3, title="Filter")

//Band Plots
h_band_plot = plot(h_band, color=color.new(#05ff9b, 100), title="High Band")
l_band_plot = plot(l_band, color=color.new(#ff0583, 100), title="Low Band")

//Band Fills
fill(h_band_plot, filt_plot, color=color.new(#00b36b, 92), title="High Band Fill")
fill(l_band_plot, filt_plot, color=color.new(#b8005d, 92), title="Low Band Fill")

//Bar Color
barcolor(use_barcolor ? bar_color : na)

//Plot Buy and Sell Labels
plotshape(longCondition, title = "Buy Signal", text ="BUY", textcolor = color.white, style=shape.labelup, size = size.normal, location=location.belowbar, color = color.new(color.green, 0))
plotshape(shortCondition, title = "Sell Signal", text ="SELL", textcolor = color.white, style=shape.labeldown, size = size.normal, location=location.abovebar, color = color.new(color.red, 0))

//Alerts
alertcondition(longCondition, title="Buy Alert", message = "BUY")
alertcondition(shortCondition, title="Sell Alert", message = "SELL")

策略逻辑

EMA指标：策略使用两根EMA均线，一根快线（小周期参数），一根慢线（大周期参数）。双EMA均线的作用主要是帮助我们判断市场趋势方向。

• 多头排列
  快线在慢线上方。

• 空头排列
  快线在慢线下方。

VuManChu Swing Free指标：VuManChu Swing Free指标用来发出信号，再结合其它条件判断是否进行下单交易。从VuManChu Swing Free指标源码可以看出：longCondition变量就代表买入信号，shortCondition变量就代表卖出信号。后续编写下单条件就使用这两个变量。

现在我们来讲下策略具体的交易信号触发条件：

1、进入多头的规则：
阳K线的收盘价要处在EMA快线的上方，两根EMA均线要呈现多头排列（快线在慢线上方），VuManChu Swing Free指标要出现买入信号（longCondition为真）。三个条件成立，这根K线就是做多入场的关键K线，这根K线的收盘价就是入场位置。

2、进入空头的规则（和多头相反）：
阴K线的收盘价要处在EMA快线的下方，两根EMA均线要呈现空头排列（快线在慢线下方），VuManChu Swing Free指标要出现卖出信号（shortCondition为真）。三个条件成立，这根K线的收盘价就是做空入场位置。

交易逻辑是不是很简单，由于出处的视频中没有具体说明止盈止损，小编这里就自由发挥一下使用一种比较中庸的止盈止损方式，使用固定点数止损，跟踪止盈。

代码设计

VuManChu Swing Free指标的代码，我们直接原封不动地放进我们的策略代码中。

然后紧跟着我们编写一段Pine语言代码，实现交易功能：

            pine
            
            
// extend
fastEmaPeriod = input(50, "fastEmaPeriod")         // 快线周期
slowEmaPeriod = input(200, "slowEmaPeriod")        // 慢线周期
loss = input(30, "loss")                           // 止损点数
trailPoints = input(30, "trailPoints")             // 移动止盈触发点数
trailOffset = input(30, "trailOffset")             // 移动止盈偏移量（点数）
amount = input(1, "amount")                        // 下单量

emaFast = ta.ema(close, fastEmaPeriod)             // 计算快线EMA
emaSlow = ta.ema(close, slowEmaPeriod)             // 计算慢线EMA

buyCondition = longCondition and emaFast > emaSlow and close > open and close > emaFast         // 做多入场条件
sellCondition = shortCondition and emaFast < emaSlow and close < open and close < emaFast       // 做空入场条件

if buyCondition and strategy.position_size == 0
    strategy.entry("long", strategy.long, amount)
    strategy.exit("exit_long", "long", amount, loss=loss, trail_points=trailPoints, trail_offset=trailOffset)
if sellCondition and strategy.position_size == 0
    strategy.entry("short", strategy.short, amount)
    strategy.exit("exit_short", "short", amount, loss=loss, trail_points=trailPoints, trail_offset=trailOffset)

A.可以看到，当buyCondition为真时即：

1、longCondition变量为真（VuManChu Swing Free指标发出信号做多）。
2、emaFast > emaSlow （EMA多头排列）。
3、close > open （表示当前BAR为阳线），close > emaFast （表示收盘价在EMA快线上方）。

做多的三个条件成立。

B.当sellCondition为真时，则做空的三个条件成立（这里不再赘述）。

然后就在if条件判断信号触发的情况下，使用strategy.entry函数入场开仓，同时设置strategy.exit函数止损、跟踪止盈。

完整的代码

            pine
            
            
/*backtest
start: 2022-01-01 00:00:00
end: 2022-10-08 00:00:00
period: 15m
basePeriod: 5m
exchanges: [{"eid":"Futures_Binance","currency":"ETH_USDT"}]
args: [["ZPrecision",0,358374]]
*/

// This source code is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public License 2.0 at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/

// Credits to the original Script - Range Filter DonovanWall https://www.tradingview.com/script/lut7sBgG-Range-Filter-DW/
// This version is the old version of the Range Filter with less settings to tinker with

//@version=4
study(title="Range Filter - B&S Signals", shorttitle="RF - B&S Signals", overlay=true)

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//Functions
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

//Range Size Function
rng_size(x, qty, n)=> 
//    AC       = Cond_EMA(abs(x - x[1]), 1, n)
    wper      = (n*2) - 1
    avrng     = ema(abs(x - x[1]), n)
    AC = ema(avrng, wper)*qty
    rng_size = AC

//Range Filter Function
rng_filt(x, rng_, n)=>
    r          = rng_
    var rfilt  = array.new_float(2, x)
    array.set(rfilt, 1, array.get(rfilt, 0))
    if x - r > array.get(rfilt, 1)
        array.set(rfilt, 0, x - r)
    if x + r < array.get(rfilt, 1)
        array.set(rfilt, 0, x + r)
    rng_filt1 = array.get(rfilt, 0)
    
    hi_band   = rng_filt1 + r
    lo_band   = rng_filt1 - r
    rng_filt  = rng_filt1
    [hi_band, lo_band, rng_filt]
 
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//Inputs
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

//Range Source
rng_src = input(defval=close, type=input.source, title="Swing Source")

//Range Period
rng_per = input(defval=20, minval=1, title="Swing Period")

//Range Size Inputs
rng_qty   = input(defval=3.5, minval=0.0000001, title="Swing Multiplier")

//Bar Colors
use_barcolor = input(defval=false, type=input.bool, title="Bar Colors On/Off")

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//Definitions
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

//Range Filter Values
[h_band, l_band, filt] = rng_filt(rng_src, rng_size(rng_src, rng_qty, rng_per), rng_per)

//Direction Conditions
var fdir = 0.0
fdir    := filt > filt[1] ? 1 : filt < filt[1] ? -1 : fdir
upward   = fdir==1 ? 1 : 0
downward = fdir==-1 ? 1 : 0

//Trading Condition
longCond = rng_src > filt and rng_src > rng_src[1] and upward > 0 or rng_src > filt and rng_src < rng_src[1] and upward > 0 
shortCond = rng_src < filt and rng_src < rng_src[1] and downward > 0 or rng_src < filt and rng_src > rng_src[1] and downward > 0

CondIni = 0
CondIni := longCond ? 1 : shortCond ? -1 : CondIni[1]
longCondition = longCond and CondIni[1] == -1
shortCondition = shortCond and CondIni[1] == 1

//Colors
filt_color = upward ? #05ff9b : downward ? #ff0583 : #cccccc
bar_color  = upward and (rng_src > filt) ? (rng_src > rng_src[1] ? #05ff9b : #00b36b) :
             downward and (rng_src < filt) ? (rng_src < rng_src[1] ? #ff0583 : #b8005d) : #cccccc

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//Outputs
//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

//Filter Plot
filt_plot = plot(filt, color=filt_color, transp=67, linewidth=3, title="Filter")

//Band Plots
h_band_plot = plot(h_band, color=color.new(#05ff9b, 100), title="High Band")
l_band_plot = plot(l_band, color=color.new(#ff0583, 100), title="Low Band")

//Band Fills
fill(h_band_plot, filt_plot, color=color.new(#00b36b, 92), title="High Band Fill")
fill(l_band_plot, filt_plot, color=color.new(#b8005d, 92), title="Low Band Fill")

//Bar Color
barcolor(use_barcolor ? bar_color : na)

//Plot Buy and Sell Labels
plotshape(longCondition, title = "Buy Signal", text ="BUY", textcolor = color.white, style=shape.labelup, size = size.normal, location=location.belowbar, color = color.new(color.green, 0))
plotshape(shortCondition, title = "Sell Signal", text ="SELL", textcolor = color.white, style=shape.labeldown, size = size.normal, location=location.abovebar, color = color.new(color.red, 0))

//Alerts
alertcondition(longCondition, title="Buy Alert", message = "BUY")
alertcondition(shortCondition, title="Sell Alert", message = "SELL")


// extend
fastEmaPeriod = input(50, "fastEmaPeriod")
slowEmaPeriod = input(200, "slowEmaPeriod")
loss = input(30, "loss")
trailPoints = input(30, "trailPoints")
trailOffset = input(30, "trailOffset")
amount = input(1, "amount")

emaFast = ta.ema(close, fastEmaPeriod)
emaSlow = ta.ema(close, slowEmaPeriod)

buyCondition = longCondition and emaFast > emaSlow and close > open and close > emaFast
sellCondition = shortCondition and emaFast < emaSlow and close < open and close < emaFast

if buyCondition and strategy.position_size == 0
    strategy.entry("long", strategy.long, amount)
    strategy.exit("exit_long", "long", amount, loss=loss, trail_points=trailPoints, trail_offset=trailOffset)
if sellCondition and strategy.position_size == 0
    strategy.entry("short", strategy.short, amount)
    strategy.exit("exit_short", "short", amount, loss=loss, trail_points=trailPoints, trail_offset=trailOffset)

回测测试

回测测试时间范围选取从2022年1月到2022年10月，K线周期为15分钟，使用收盘价模型回测。市场选择Binance的ETH_USDT永续合约。参数设置按照出处视频中所说快线50周期，慢线200周期，其它参数默认不变。止损、跟踪止盈点数我主观一点，就设置30个点位。

回测结果马马虎虎，多次回测看来止盈止损这些参数对回测结果有些影响。感觉这个方面还需要再优化设计。不过策略信号触发交易后胜率还是可以的。

我们换一个BTC_USDT永续合约试试看：

结果在BTC上回测也很炸裂：

策略地址：https://www.fmz.com/strategy/385745

看来这个交易方法对于趋势的拿捏还是比较靠谱的，可以根据这个思路继续优化设计。本期文章我们不仅了解了一个双均线策略的思路，也了解了如何把油管（youtube）上大神的策略拿来加工、学习。OK，以上策略代码仅仅是小编我抛砖引玉，回测结果也并不代表具体实盘效果，对于策略代码、设计仅供参考。感谢您的支持，我们下期再见！