Chiến lược xu hướng dựa trên lệnh dừng lỗ đột phá

/*backtest
start: 2022-09-13 00:00:00
end: 2023-02-03 00:00:00
period: 1d
basePeriod: 1h
exchanges: [{"eid":"Futures_Binance","currency":"BTC_USDT"}]
*/

//@version=4

// Revision:        1
// Author:          @millerrh
// Strategy:  Enter long when recent swing high breaks out, using recent swing low as stop level.  Move stops up as higher lows print to act
// as trailing stops.  Ride trend as long as it is there and the higher lows aren't breached.  
// Conditions/Variables 
//    1. Can place a user-defined percentage below swing low and swing high to use as a buffer for your stop to help avoid stop hunts
//    2. Can add a filter to only take setups that are above a user-defined moving average (helps avoid trading counter trend) 
//    3. Manually configure which dates to back test
//    4. Color background of backtested dates - allows for easier measuring buy & hold return of time periods that don't go up to current date    


// === CALL STRATEGY/STUDY, PROGRAMATICALLY ENTER STRATEGY PARAMETERS HERE SO YOU DON'T HAVE TO CHANGE THEM EVERY TIME YOU RUN A TEST ===
// (STRATEGY ONLY) - Comment out srategy() when in a study() 
strategy("Breakout Trend Follower", overlay=true, initial_capital=10000, currency='USD', 
   default_qty_type=strategy.percent_of_equity, default_qty_value=100, commission_type=strategy.commission.percent, commission_value=0.1)
// (STUDY ONLY) - Comment out study() when in a strategy() 
//study("Breakout Trend Follower", overlay=true)

// === BACKTEST RANGE ===
From_Year  = input(defval = 2019, title = "From Year")
From_Month = input(defval = 1, title = "From Month", minval = 1, maxval = 12)
From_Day   = input(defval = 1, title = "From Day", minval = 1, maxval = 31)
To_Year    = input(defval = 9999, title = "To Year")
To_Month   = input(defval = 1, title = "To Month", minval = 1, maxval = 12)
To_Day     = input(defval = 1, title = "To Day", minval = 1, maxval = 31)
Start  = timestamp(From_Year, From_Month, From_Day, 00, 00)  // backtest start window
Finish = timestamp(To_Year, To_Month, To_Day, 23, 59)        // backtest finish window

// A switch to control background coloring of the test period - Use for easy visualization of backtest range and manual calculation of 
// buy and hold (via measurement) if doing prior periods since value in Strategy Tester extends to current date by default
testPeriodBackground = input(title="Color Background - Test Period?", type=input.bool, defval=false)
testPeriodBackgroundColor = testPeriodBackground and (time >= Start) and (time <= Finish) ? #00FF00 : na
bgcolor(testPeriodBackgroundColor, transp=95)

// == FILTERING ==
// Inputs
useMaFilter = input(title = "Use MA for Filtering?", type = input.bool, defval = true)
maType = input(defval="SMA", options=["EMA", "SMA"], title = "MA Type For Filtering")
maLength   = input(defval = 50, title = "MA Period for Filtering", minval = 1)

// Declare function to be able to swap out EMA/SMA
ma(maType, src, length) =>
    maType == "EMA" ? ema(src, length) : sma(src, length) //Ternary Operator (if maType equals EMA, then do ema calc, else do sma calc)
maFilter = ma(maType, close, maLength)
plot(maFilter, title = "Trend Filter MA", color = color.green, linewidth = 3, style = plot.style_line, transp = 50)

// Check to see if the useMaFilter check box is checked, this then inputs this conditional "maFilterCheck" variable into the strategy entry 
maFilterCheck = if useMaFilter == true
    maFilter
else
    0

// === PLOT SWING HIGH/LOW AND MOST RECENT LOW TO USE AS STOP LOSS EXIT POINT ===
// Inputs
//pvtLenL       = input(3, minval=1, title="Pivot Length Left Hand Side") //use if you want to change this to an input
//pvtLenR       = input(3, minval=1, title="Pivot Length Right Hand Side") //use if you want to change this to an input
pvtLenL       = 3
pvtLenR       = 3

// Get High and Low Pivot Points
pvthi_ = pivothigh(high, pvtLenL, pvtLenR)
pvtlo_ = pivotlow(low, pvtLenL, pvtLenR)

// Force Pivot completion before plotting.
Shunt = 1 //Wait for close before printing pivot? 1 for true 0 for flase
maxLvlLen = 0 //Maximum Extension Length
pvthi = pvthi_[Shunt]
pvtlo = pvtlo_[Shunt]

// Count How many candles for current Pivot Level, If new reset.
counthi = barssince(not na(pvthi))
countlo = barssince(not na(pvtlo))
 
pvthis = fixnan(pvthi)
pvtlos = fixnan(pvtlo)
hipc = change(pvthis) != 0 ? na : color.maroon
lopc = change(pvtlos) != 0 ? na : color.green

// Display Pivot lines
plot((maxLvlLen == 0 or counthi < maxLvlLen) ? pvthis : na, color=hipc, transp=0, linewidth=1, offset=-pvtLenR-Shunt, title="Top Levels")
plot((maxLvlLen == 0 or countlo < maxLvlLen) ? pvtlos : na, color=lopc, transp=0, linewidth=1, offset=-pvtLenR-Shunt, title="Bottom Levels")
plot((maxLvlLen == 0 or counthi < maxLvlLen) ? pvthis : na, color=hipc, transp=0, linewidth=1, offset=0, title="Top Levels 2")
plot((maxLvlLen == 0 or countlo < maxLvlLen) ? pvtlos : na, color=lopc, transp=0, linewidth=1, offset=0, title="Bottom Levels 2")


// Stop Levels
stopBuff = input(0.0, minval=-2, title="Stop Loss Buffer off Swing Low (%)")
stopPerc = stopBuff*.01 // Turn stop buffer input into a percentage
stopLevel = valuewhen(pvtlo_, low[pvtLenR], 0) //Stop Level at Swing Low
stopLevel2 = stopLevel - stopLevel*stopPerc  // Stop Level with user-defined buffer to avoid stop hunts and give breathing room
plot(stopLevel2, style=plot.style_line, color=color.orange, show_last=1, linewidth=1, transp=50, trackprice=true)
buyLevel = valuewhen(pvthi_, high[pvtLenR], 0) //Buy level at Swing High
buyLevel2 = buyLevel + buyLevel*stopPerc // Buy-stop level with user-defined buffer to avoid stop hunts and give breathing room
plot(buyLevel2, style=plot.style_line, color=color.blue, show_last=1, linewidth=1, transp=50, trackprice=true)

// Conditions for entry and exit
buySignal = high > buyLevel2
buy = buySignal and time > Start and time < Finish and buyLevel2 > maFilterCheck // All these conditions need to be met to buy
sellSignal = low < stopLevel2 // Code to act like a stop-loss for the Study

// (STRATEGY ONLY) Comment out for Study
strategy.entry("Long", strategy.long, stop = buyLevel2, when = buyLevel2 > maFilterCheck)
strategy.exit("Exit Long", from_entry = "Long", stop=stopLevel2)

// == (STUDY ONLY) Comment out for Strategy ==
// Check if in position or not
inPosition = bool(na)
inPosition := buy[1] ? true : sellSignal[1] ? false : inPosition[1]
flat = bool(na)
flat := not inPosition
buyStudy = buy and flat
sellStudy = sellSignal and inPosition
//Plot indicators on chart and set up alerts for Study
plotshape(buyStudy, style = shape.triangleup, location = location.belowbar, color = #1E90FF, text = "Buy")
plotshape(sellStudy, style = shape.triangledown, location = location.abovebar, color = #EE82EE, text = "Sell")
alertcondition(buyStudy, title='Trend Change Follower Buy', message='Trend Change Follower Buy')

// Color background when trade active (for easier visual on what charts are OK to enter on)
tradeBackground = input(title="Color Background for Trades?", type=input.bool, defval=true)
tradeBackgroundColor = tradeBackground and inPosition ? #00FF00 : na
bgcolor(tradeBackgroundColor, transp=95)
noTradeBackgroundColor = tradeBackground and flat ? #FF0000 : na
bgcolor(noTradeBackgroundColor, transp=90)