ChaoZhang
概述
该策略是一个基于指标的动量策略,使用RSI、Stoch、MACD等 oscillators 指标构造策略交易信号。策略的主要思路是当价格出现震荡时,利用指标识别趋势方向,根据指标信号进行入场。同时,策略还会利用延迟超趋指标进行止损。
策略原理
该策略首先调用自定义函数f_getOscilatorValues获取不同的oscillators指标的值,包括RSI、Stoch、MACD等。然后,通过f_getSupertrend函数计算延迟超趋指标的值,用于追踪止损。
在计算指标后,策略会调用f_getBuySellStops函数,根据指标值计算入场止损位和止盈位。具体来说,它会计算ATR指标,并以ATR乘以一个止损系数作为入场止损位,以ATR乘以一个止盈系数作为止盈位。在趋势发生反转时,止损位和止盈位会进行调整。
之后,策略会判断K线的实体方向,如果是上涨K线,则以绿色绘制,下跌K线则以红色绘制。 在绘制K线和指标后,策略会判断是否符合入场条件。入场条件为当指标显示超买时,价格突破上轨时做多;当指标显示超卖时,价格突破下轨时做空。此外,策略还引入了高周期均线过滤条件,价格需要突破均线才能入场。
在入场后,止损位会进行追踪,追踪止损位是上轨或下轨 whichever is closer. 当止损位被触发后平仓。当价格达到止盈位时,部分止盈。
策略优势分析
该策略具有以下优势:
使用oscillators指标识别趋势的方向性,可以及时捕捉市场的短线反转机会。
应用延迟超趋止损策略,可以在亏损扩大前止损出场,限制单笔损失。
根据ATR计算风险度量的止损位和止盈位,可以动态调整仓位规模。
结合高周期均线进行过滤,避免被套。
部分止盈策略,让利润继续运行且锁定部分利润。
策略思路简单清晰,容易理解实现,适合量化交易初学者。
策略风险分析
该策略也存在一些风险:
oscillators指标存在滞后问题,可能导致入场信号偏迟、出场信号偏早。可以通过调整指标参数优化,或者加入趋势 following 指标辅助判断。
停损点靠近,可能会被突破止损。可以适当放宽止损范围,或使用 Chandelier Stop 等动态止损策略。
部分止盈后,剩余头寸可能会被追盘止损。可将部分止盈比例降低,留足余地。
回测数据拟合风险。应该在不同市场中多次验证,避免过拟合。
高周期均线作为过滤条件也可能发生失效。应采用趋势分类等方法辅助判断大周期走势。
策略优化方向
该策略可以从以下几个方面进行优化:
测试不同的oscillators指标的参数组合,选择能够提供较好质量信号的组合,如快速K线的Stoch指标等。
尝试将部分止盈改为移动止盈,根据ATR或移动平均线设置止盈位置。
对大周期趋势判断加入机器学习算法,取代高周期均线过滤法,提高判断准确率。
增加量能指标等做为入场过滤条件,避免不必要的反转交易。
对指标进行集成和权重优化,筛选出对当前品种最适合的指标组合。
增加机器学习风控模块,对止损位、止盈位、仓位等进行动态优化。
添加三角套利或期现套利的交易信号,利用期货和现货之间的价差获利。
总结
该策略整体是一个非常适合量化交易初学者学习的策略,思路清晰,关键点立足于指标分析与风险控制。但仍需要针对实盘进行参数优化与风险规避,才能获得稳定的回报。此外,可以从趋势判断、止损优化、集成学习等方面进行策略提升,使策略更具鲁棒性。总体来说,该策略作为一个可以运行与优化的策略模板还是非常有参考价值的。
策略源码
/*backtest
start: 2023-08-26 00:00:00
end: 2023-09-25 00:00:00
period: 1h
basePeriod: 15m
exchanges: [{"eid":"Futures_Binance","currency":"BTC_USDT"}]
*/
// This source code is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public License 2.0 at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/
// © HeWhoMustNotBeNamed
//@version=4
strategy("Oscilator candles - strategy", overlay=false, initial_capital = 1000, default_qty_type = strategy.percent_of_equity, default_qty_value = 100, commission_type = strategy.commission.percent, pyramiding = 1, commission_value = 0.01, calc_on_order_fills = true)
oscilatorType = input(title="Oscliator Type", defval="stoch", options=["rsi", "stoch", "cog", "macd", "tsi", "cci", "cmo", "mfi"])
length = input(3)
shortlength = input(3)
longlength = input(9)
showSupertrend = input(true)
AtrMAType = input(title="Moving Average Type", defval="rma", options=["ema", "sma", "hma", "rma", "vwma", "wma"])
AtrLength = input(30, step=10)
stopMultiplier = input(4)
targetMultiplier = input(3)
wicks = input(true)
considerWicksForDelayByStep = input(false)
colorByPreviousClose = input(true)
useHTFPivot = input(false)
resolution = input("12M", type=input.resolution)
HTFMultiplier = input(4, title="Higher Timeframe multiplier (Used when resolution is set to Same as Symbol)", minval=2, step=1)
PivotLength = input(2, step=1)
tradeDirection = input(title="Trade Direction", defval=strategy.direction.long, options=[strategy.direction.all, strategy.direction.long, strategy.direction.short])
i_startTime = input(defval = timestamp("01 Jan 2010 00:00 +0000"), title = "Backtest Start Time", type = input.time)
i_endTime = input(defval = timestamp("01 Jan 2099 00:00 +0000"), title = "Backtest End Time", type = input.time)
inDateRange = true
f_getOscilatorValues(oscilatorType, length, shortlength, longlength)=>
oOpen = rsi(open, length)
oClose = rsi(close, length)
oHigh = rsi(high, length)
oLow = rsi(low, length)
if(oscilatorType == "tsi")
oOpen := tsi(open, shortlength, longlength)
oClose := tsi(close, shortlength, longlength)
oHigh := tsi(high, shortlength, longlength)
oLow := tsi(low, shortlength, longlength)
if(oscilatorType == "stoch")
oOpen := stoch(open, longlength, shortlength, length)
oClose := stoch(close, longlength, shortlength, length)
oHigh := stoch(high, longlength, shortlength, length)
oLow := stoch(low, longlength, shortlength, length)
if(oscilatorType == "cci")
oOpen := cci(open, length)
oClose := cci(close, length)
oHigh := cci(high, length)
oLow := cci(low, length)
if(oscilatorType == "cog")
oOpen := cog(open, length)
oClose := cog(close, length)
oHigh := cog(high, length)
oLow := cog(low, length)
if(oscilatorType == "cmo")
oOpen := cmo(open, length)
oClose := cmo(close, length)
oHigh := cmo(high, length)
oLow := cmo(low, length)
if(oscilatorType == "mfi")
oOpen := mfi(open, length)
oClose := mfi(close, length)
oHigh := mfi(high, length)
oLow := mfi(low, length)
if(oscilatorType == "macd")
[macdLineOpen, signalLineOpen, histLineOpen] = macd(open, shortlength, longlength, length)
[macdLineClose, signalLineClose, histLineClose] = macd(close, shortlength, longlength, length)
[macdLineHigh, signalLineHigh, histLineHigh] = macd(high, shortlength, longlength, length)
[macdLineLow, signalLineLow, histLineLow] = macd(low, shortlength, longlength, length)
oOpen := macdLineOpen
oClose := macdLineClose
oHigh := macdLineHigh
oLow := macdLineLow
[oOpen, oClose, oHigh, oLow]
f_getMovingAverage(source, MAType, length)=>
ma = sma(source, length)
if(MAType == "ema")
ma := ema(source,length)
if(MAType == "hma")
ma := hma(source,length)
if(MAType == "rma")
ma := rma(source,length)
if(MAType == "vwma")
ma := vwma(source,length)
if(MAType == "wma")
ma := wma(source,length)
ma
f_getSupertrend(oOpen, oClose, oHigh, oLow, AtrMAType, AtrLength, stopMultiplier, wicks)=>
truerange = max(oHigh, oClose[1]) - min(oLow, oClose[1])
averagetruerange = f_getMovingAverage(truerange, AtrMAType, AtrLength)
atr = averagetruerange * stopMultiplier
longStop = oClose - atr
longStopPrev = nz(longStop[1], longStop)
longStop := (wicks ? oLow[1] : oClose[1]) > longStopPrev ? max(longStop, longStopPrev) : longStop
shortStop = oClose + atr
shortStopPrev = nz(shortStop[1], shortStop)
shortStop := (wicks ? oHigh[1] : oClose[1]) < shortStopPrev ? min(shortStop, shortStopPrev) : shortStop
dir = 1
dir := nz(dir[1], dir)
dir := dir == -1 and (wicks ? oHigh : oClose) > shortStopPrev ? 1 : dir == 1 and (wicks ? oLow : oClose) < longStopPrev ? -1 : dir
trailingStop = dir == 1? longStop : shortStop
[dir, trailingStop]
f_getBuySellStops(oOpen, oClose, oHigh, oLow, AtrMAType, AtrLength, considerWicks, considerWicksForDelayByStep, stopMultiplier, targetMultiplier)=>
barState = 0
source = oClose
truerange = max(oHigh, oClose[1]) - min(oLow, oClose[1])
atr = f_getMovingAverage(truerange, AtrMAType, AtrLength)
buyStop = source - atr * stopMultiplier
sellStop = source + atr * stopMultiplier
buyStopDerived = buyStop
sellStopDerived = sellStop
highTarget = considerWicks ? oHigh : source
lowTarget = considerWicks ? oLow : source
highTargetDelayByStep = considerWicksForDelayByStep ? oHigh : source
lowTargetDelayByStep = considerWicksForDelayByStep ? oLow : source
barState := highTarget > sellStopDerived[1] ? 1 : lowTarget < buyStopDerived[1] ? -1 : nz(barState[1],0)
buyMultiplier = (barState == 1)? stopMultiplier : targetMultiplier
sellMultiplier = (barState == -1)? stopMultiplier : targetMultiplier
buyStop := source - atr * buyMultiplier
sellStop := source + atr * sellMultiplier
buyStop := barState == 1? max(buyStop, buyStop[1]) : barState == -1? min(buyStop, buyStop[1]) : buyStop
sellStop := barState == 1? max(sellStop, sellStop[1]) : barState == -1? min(sellStop, sellStop[1]) : sellStop
buyStopDerived := buyStop
sellStopDerived := sellStop
buyStopDerived := highTargetDelayByStep < sellStopDerived[1] and lowTargetDelayByStep > buyStopDerived[1] ? buyStopDerived[1] : buyStopDerived
sellStopDerived := highTargetDelayByStep < sellStopDerived[1] and lowTargetDelayByStep > buyStopDerived[1] ? sellStopDerived[1] : sellStopDerived
[buyStopDerived, sellStopDerived, barState]
f_secureSecurity(_symbol, _res, _src) => security(_symbol, _res, _src[1], lookahead = barmerge.lookahead_on, gaps=barmerge.gaps_off)
f_multiple_resolution(HTFMultiplier) =>
target_Res_In_Min = timeframe.multiplier * HTFMultiplier * (
timeframe.isseconds ? 1. / 60. :
timeframe.isminutes ? 1. :
timeframe.isdaily ? 1440. :
timeframe.isweekly ? 7. * 24. * 60. :
timeframe.ismonthly ? 30.417 * 24. * 60. : na)
target_Res_In_Min <= 0.0417 ? "1S" :
target_Res_In_Min <= 0.167 ? "5S" :
target_Res_In_Min <= 0.376 ? "15S" :
target_Res_In_Min <= 0.751 ? "30S" :
target_Res_In_Min <= 1440 ? tostring(round(target_Res_In_Min)) :
tostring(round(min(target_Res_In_Min / 1440, 365))) + "D"
f_getPivotHighLow(oOpen, oClose, oHigh, oLow, HTFMultiplier, resolution, PivotLength)=>
derivedResolution = resolution == ""? f_multiple_resolution(HTFMultiplier) : resolution
HTFHigh = f_secureSecurity(syminfo.tickerid, derivedResolution, oHigh)
HTFLow = f_secureSecurity(syminfo.tickerid, derivedResolution, oLow)
CLOSEprev = f_secureSecurity(syminfo.tickerid, derivedResolution, oClose)
pivothi = pivothigh(HTFHigh, PivotLength, PivotLength)
pivotlo = pivotlow(HTFLow, PivotLength, PivotLength)
pivothi := na(pivothi)? nz(pivothi[1]) : pivothi
pivotlo := na(pivotlo)? nz(pivotlo[1]) : pivotlo
[pivothi, pivotlo]
[oOpen, oClose, oHigh, oLow] = f_getOscilatorValues(oscilatorType, length, shortlength, longlength)
[dir, trailingStop] = f_getSupertrend(oOpen, oClose, oHigh, oLow, AtrMAType, AtrLength, stopMultiplier, wicks)
candleColor = colorByPreviousClose ?
(oClose[1] < oClose ? color.green : oClose[1] > oClose ? color.red : color.silver) :
(oOpen < oClose ? color.green : oOpen > oClose ? color.red : color.silver)
plotcandle(oOpen, oHigh, oLow, oClose, 'Oscilator Candles', color = candleColor)
[buyStopDerived, sellStopDerived, barState] = f_getBuySellStops(oOpen, oClose, oHigh, oLow, AtrMAType, AtrLength, wicks, considerWicksForDelayByStep, stopMultiplier, targetMultiplier)
trailingStopDerived = barState == 1? buyStopDerived : sellStopDerived
plot(showSupertrend?trailingStopDerived:na, title="TrailingStop", style=plot.style_linebr, linewidth=1, color= barState == 1 ? color.green : color.red)
[pivotHigh, pivotLow] = f_getPivotHighLow(open, close, high, low, HTFMultiplier, resolution, PivotLength)
buyCondition = (barState == 1) and (close > pivotHigh or not useHTFPivot)
exitBuyConditin = (barState == -1)
sellCondition = (barState == -1) and (close < pivotLow or not useHTFPivot)
exitSellCondition = (barState == 1)
// strategy.risk.allow_entry_in(tradeDirection)
strategy.entry("Buy", strategy.long, when=buyCondition and inDateRange, oca_name="oca")
strategy.entry("Sell", strategy.short, when=sellCondition and inDateRange, oca_name="oca")
strategy.close("Buy", when = exitBuyConditin)
strategy.close( "Sell", when = exitSellCondition)