ChaoZhang
概述
该策略使用卡尔曼滤波器跟踪价格,并使用止损线动态调整止损点,实现滑动止损。
原理
该策略使用卡尔曼滤波器实时跟踪价格。卡尔曼滤波器包含两个方程:
预测方程:
smooth = kf[1] + dk * sqrt(gain / 10000 * 2)
更新方程:
kf = smooth + velo
其中,dk是预测误差,gain是卡尔曼增益,决定跟踪灵敏度。
此外,策略使用滑动止损线来锁定利润。初始止损距离为止损百分比设定值,如2%。
在做多时,如果价格上涨,止损线也上移逐步逼近卡尔曼线,步长为downStep,如0.5%。如果价格下跌止损,则重新开仓,设置初始止损距离。
做空同理。
这样,策略可以根据趋势逐步锁定利润,具有较好的风险管理。
优势
使用卡尔曼滤波器实时跟踪价格,响应迅速。
利用滑动止损线锁定利润,风险管理效果好。止损距离可自定义。
可灵活选择做多做空或只做多/做空。
可根据趋势积极止损或保守止损。
可根据需要灵活设置止盈止损。
风险
卡尔曼滤波器参数设置不当可能导致跟踪不稳定。
滑点可能导致止损点被先触发。可以适当宽松止损距离。
强势趋势市场不宜采用滑动止损策略,应追踪趋势。
震荡市场止损点可能频繁触发。可以适当宽松止损距离,或不使用滑动止损。
优化
可以引入更多指标判断趋势方向,优化开仓时机。
可以根据市场波动率调整止损线移动步长。
可以结合机器学习技术训练最优止损参数。
可以结合更多风险指标,动态调整仓位管理。
总结
滑行止损策略使用卡尔曼滤波器跟踪价格变化,并利用滑动止损线锁定利润,在保证盈利的同时控制风险,是一个可靠且易于优化的策略。将其与趋势判断及动态仓位管理技术相结合,可以获得更优秀的策略效果。
策略源码
/*backtest
start: 2023-09-06 00:00:00
end: 2023-10-06 00:00:00
period: 2h
basePeriod: 15m
exchanges: [{"eid":"Futures_Binance","currency":"BTC_USDT"}]
*/
// This source code is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public License 2.0 at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/
// © BigCoinHunter
//@version=5
// strategy(title='Loft Strategy V1', overlay=true,
// pyramiding=0, default_qty_type=strategy.fixed,
// default_qty_value=100, initial_capital=100000,
// currency=currency.USD, commission_value=0.05,
// commission_type=strategy.commission.percent,
// process_orders_on_close=true)
//-------------- fetch user inputs ------------------
gain = input.float(title="Kalman Gain:", defval=1.0, minval=1.0, maxval=5000.0, step=100.0)
src = input(defval=close, title='Source:')
stopPercentMax = input.float(title='Beginning Approach(%):', defval=2.0, minval=0.1, maxval=30.0, step=0.1)
stopPercentMin = input.float(title='Final Approach(%): ', defval=0.5, minval=0.1, maxval=30.0, step=0.1)
downStep = input.float(title='Approach Decrease Step:', defval=0.005, minval=0.0, maxval = 5, step=0.005)
tp = input.float(title="Take Profit:", defval=1.5, minval=0.0, maxval=100.0, step=0.1) * 0.01
sl = input.float(title="Stop Loss: ", defval=0.0, minval=0.0, maxval=100.0, step=0.1) * 0.01
longEntry = input.bool(defval=true, title= 'Long Entry', inline="11")
shortEntry = input.bool(defval=true, title='Short Entry', inline="11")
//---------- backtest range setup ------------
fromDay = input.int(defval = 1, title = "From Day", minval = 1, maxval = 31)
fromMonth = input.int(defval = 1, title = "From Month", minval = 1, maxval = 12)
fromYear = input.int(defval = 2021, title = "From Year", minval = 2010)
toDay = input.int(defval = 30, title = "To Day", minval = 1, maxval = 31)
toMonth = input.int(defval = 12, title = "To Month", minval = 1, maxval = 12)
toYear = input.int(defval = 2022, title = "To Year", minval = 2010)
//------------ time interval setup -----------
start = timestamp(fromYear, fromMonth, fromDay, 00, 00) // backtest start window
finish = timestamp(toYear, toMonth, toDay, 23, 59) // backtest finish window
window() => true // create function "within window of time"
//------- define the global variables ------
enterLongComment = "ENTER LONG"
exitLongComment = "EXIT LONG"
enterShortComment = "ENTER SHORT"
exitShortComment = "EXIT SHORT"
longTPSL = "Long TP/SL"
longTP = "Long TP"
longSL = "Long SL"
shortTPSL = "Short TP/SL"
shortTP = "Short TP"
shortSL = "Short SL"
var bool long = true
var bool stoppedOutLong = false
var bool stoppedOutShort = false
var float kf = 0.0
var float velo = 0.0
//------ kalman filter calculation --------
dk = src - nz(kf[1], src)
smooth = nz(kf[1], src) + dk * math.sqrt(gain / 10000 * 2)
velo := nz(velo[1], 0) + gain / 10000 * dk
kf := smooth + velo
//--------- calculate the loft stopLoss line ---------
var stopPercent = stopPercentMax
var stopLoss = kf - kf * (stopPercent /100)
if long == true
stopLoss := kf - (kf * (stopPercent / 100))
if long[1] == true and stopLoss <= stopLoss[1]
stopLoss := stopLoss[1]
else if (long[1] == true)
stopPercent := stopPercent - downStep
if(stopPercent < stopPercentMin)
stopPercent := stopPercentMin
if(kf < stopLoss)
long := false
stopPercent := stopPercentMax
stopLoss := kf + (kf * (stopPercent / 100))
else
stopLoss := kf + (kf * (stopPercent / 100))
if long[1] == false and stopLoss >= stopLoss[1]
stopLoss := stopLoss[1]
else if(long[1] == false)
stopPercent := stopPercent - downStep
if(stopPercent < stopPercentMin)
stopPercent := stopPercentMin
if(kf > stopLoss)
long := true
stopPercent := stopPercentMax
stopLoss := kf - (kf * (stopPercent / 100))
//--------- calculate the input/output points -----------
longProfitPrice = strategy.position_avg_price * (1 + tp) // tp -> take profit percentage
longStopPrice = strategy.position_avg_price * (1 - sl) // sl -> stop loss percentage
shortProfitPrice = strategy.position_avg_price * (1 - tp)
shortStopPrice = strategy.position_avg_price * (1 + sl)
//------------------- determine buy and sell points ---------------------
buySignall = window() and long and (not stoppedOutLong)
sellSignall = window() and (not long) and (not stoppedOutShort)
//---------- execute the strategy -----------------
if(longEntry and shortEntry)
if long
strategy.entry("LONG", strategy.long, when = buySignall, comment = enterLongComment)
stoppedOutLong := true
stoppedOutShort := false
else
strategy.entry("SHORT", strategy.short, when = sellSignall, comment = enterShortComment)
stoppedOutLong := false
stoppedOutShort := true
else if(longEntry)
strategy.entry("LONG", strategy.long, when = buySignall, comment = enterLongComment)
strategy.close("LONG", when = sellSignall, comment = exitLongComment)
if long
stoppedOutLong := true
else
stoppedOutLong := false
else if(shortEntry)
strategy.entry("SHORT", strategy.short, when = sellSignall, comment = enterShortComment)
strategy.close("SHORT", when = buySignall, comment = exitShortComment)
if not long
stoppedOutShort := true
else
stoppedOutShort := false
//----------------- take profit and stop loss -----------------
if(tp>0.0 and sl>0.0)
if ( strategy.position_size > 0 )
strategy.exit(id="LONG", limit=longProfitPrice, stop=longStopPrice, comment = longTPSL)
else if ( strategy.position_size < 0 )
strategy.exit(id="SHORT", limit=shortProfitPrice, stop=shortStopPrice, comment = shortTPSL)
else if(tp>0.0)
if ( strategy.position_size > 0 )
strategy.exit(id="LONG", limit=longProfitPrice, comment = longTP)
else if ( strategy.position_size < 0 )
strategy.exit(id="SHORT", limit=shortProfitPrice, comment = shortTP)
else if(sl>0.0)
if ( strategy.position_size > 0 )
strategy.exit(id="LONG", stop=longStopPrice, comment = longSL)
else if ( strategy.position_size < 0 )
strategy.exit(id="SHORT", stop=shortStopPrice, comment = shortSL)
//------------- plot charts ---------------------
lineColor1 = long ? color.green : color.red
lineColor2 = long ? color.aqua : color.fuchsia
kalmanLine = plot(kf, color=lineColor1, linewidth=3, title = "Kalman Filter")
stopLine = plot(stopLoss, color=lineColor2, linewidth=2, title = "Stop Loss Line")