ChaoZhang
概述
本策略基于平均真实波动幅度(ATR)指标设计了一个移动止损线和反转线。它会根据价格变动来 trailing stop loss,即追踪调整止损线。具体来说,如果价格变动超过1%,止损线就会向利润方向移动固定比例。当价格突破止损线时,头寸会被自动平仓。这可以锁定利润,也可以减少损失。
策略原理
该策略使用ATR指标计算止损线。具体公式如下:
atr = multplierFactor * atr(barsBack)
longStop = hl2 - atr
shortStop = hl2 + atr
其中multplierFactor是ATR放大系数,barsBack是ATR周期数。ATR值越大,表示市场波动越大。
根据ATR值计算出长仓止损线longStop和短仓止损线shortStop。当价格超过这两条线时就发出交易信号。
此外,该策略还引入一个direction变量判断趋势方向:
direction = 1
direction := nz(direction[1], direction)
direction := direction == -1 and close > shortStopPrev ? 1 : direction == 1 and close < longStopPrev ? -1 : direction
如果方向为1表示处于多头趋势,如果方向为-1表示处于空头趋势。
根据方向变量值,会绘制不同颜色的止损线:
if (direction == 1)
valueToPlot := longStop
colorToPlot := color.green
else
valueToPlot := shortStop
colorToPlot := color.red
这样就可以清楚看到目前的趋势方向和止损线位置。
追踪止损机制
该策略的关键点在于引入了追踪止损机制,可以根据价格运行情况实时调整止损线。
具体逻辑如下:
strategyPercentege = (close - updatedEntryPrice) / updatedEntryPrice * 100.00
rideUpStopLoss = hasOpenTrade() and strategyPercentege > 1
if (rideUpStopLoss)
stopLossPercent := stopLossPercent + strategyPercentege - 1.0
newStopLossPrice = updatedEntryPrice + (updatedEntryPrice * stopLossPercent) / 100
stopLossPrice := max(stopLossPrice, newStopLossPrice)
updatedEntryPrice := stopLossPrice
如果价格相对于入场价上涨超过1%,则向上追踪调整止损线。调整幅度为超过1%的部分。
这样可以锁定更多利润,同时也减少了损失。
优势分析
相比传统的移动止损策略,该策略最大的优势在于可以根据市场情况动态调整止损线。具体优势如下:
- 可以在趋势行情中实现更高的利润锁定
追踪止损机制让止损线可以不断向利润方向移动,这样就可以在行情持续走强时锁定更高的利润。
- 可以减少盘整行情的止损跳空
市场趋势变化时,固定的移动止损线很容易被跳过。而该策略的止损线是基于市场波动性计算的,可以合理跟踪价格变化,避免在盘整时被跳过止损。
- 操作简单,容易实现自动化
该策略完全基于指标运算,没有复杂的趋势判断逻辑。可以非常简单地实现自动化交易。
- 可自定义参数,适用于不同品种
ATR周期、放大系数、止损幅度等参数都可以自定义,可以针对不同品种参数优化,使策略更具备普适性。
风险分析
尽管该策略有许多优点,但仍需注意以下风险:
- 无法判断趋势转折点,存在追高杀跌风险
该策略并没有判断趋势是否结束的逻辑。在牛市末期很容易出现追高杀跌的情况。
- 参数设置不当可能扩大损失
如果ATR周期参数设置得太短,止损线就会过于灵敏,可能会被震荡行情频繁触发。
- 存在抄底反弹被止损的风险
该策略并没有考虑分型点作为止损支持位点。因此短线反弹时也可能会被抛出市场。
针对上述风险,可以从以下几个方面进行优化:
结合趋势滤波指标,提前判断趋势反转
参数优化测试,选择最优参数组合
在特定支持位附近加宽止损范围
优化方向
该策略还有进一步优化的空间:
- 结合K线形态判断
可以通过识别一些典型K线形态,如背驰、射击星等来判断趋势反转的可能。这可以避免追高杀跌的风险。
- 动态追踪参数优化
可以让ATR周期、放大系数等参数也动态变化,在大幅波动市场中使用更长ATR周期和更宽止损范围。
- 结合机器学习模型
通过lstm、rnn等深度学习模型预测后市可能的价格区间,动态调整止损距离。
总结
本策略overall利用ATR指标设计了移动止损线,并引入追踪止损机制,可以根据行情变化实时调整止损位移置。这实现了更高的利润锁定,同时也降低了风险。通过进一步的优化,可以使该策略更具备对市场各种情况的适应性,成为一个普适性较强的交易策略。
策略源码
/*backtest
start: 2022-11-21 00:00:00
end: 2023-11-27 00:00:00
period: 1d
basePeriod: 1h
exchanges: [{"eid":"Futures_Binance","currency":"BTC_USDT"}]
*/
//@version=4
//
// ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Copyright 2019 Mauricio Pimenta | exit490
// SuperTrend with Trailing Stop Loss script may be freely distributed under the MIT license.
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge,
// to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
// to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge,
// publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
// subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND,
// EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM,
// DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
// OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
//
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// Authors: @exit490
// Revision: v1.0.0
// Date: 5-Aug-2019
//
// Description
// ===========
// SuperTrend is a moving stop and reversal line based on the volatility (ATR).
// The strategy will ride up your stop loss when price moviment 1%.
// The strategy will close your operation when the market price crossed the stop loss.
// The strategy will close operation when the line based on the volatility will crossed
//
// The strategy has the following parameters:
//
// INITIAL STOP LOSS - Where can isert the value to first stop.
// POSITION TYPE - Where can to select trade position.
// ATR PERIOD - To select number of bars back to execute calculation
// ATR MULTPLIER - To add a multplier factor on volatility
// BACKTEST PERIOD - To select range.
//
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Disclaimer:
// 1. I am not licensed financial advisors or broker dealers. I do not tell you
// when or what to buy or sell. I developed this software which enables you
// execute manual or automated trades multplierFactoriplierFactoriple trades using TradingView. The
// software allows you to set the criteria you want for entering and exiting
// trades.
// 2. Do not trade with money you cannot afford to lose.
// 3. I do not guarantee consistent profits or that anyone can make money with no
// effort. And I am not selling the holy grail.
// 4. Every system can have winning and losing streaks.
// 5. Money management plays a large role in the results of your trading. For
// example: lot size, account size, broker leverage, and broker margin call
// rules all have an effect on results. Also, your Take Profit and Stop Loss
// settings for individual pair trades and for overall account equity have a
// major impact on results. If you are new to trading and do not understand
// these items, then I recommend you seek education materials to further your
// knowledge.
//
// YOU NEED TO FIND AND USE THE TRADING SYSTEM THAT WORKS BEST FOR YOU AND YOUR
// TRADING TOLERANCE.
//
// I HAVE PROVIDED NOTHING MORE THAN A TOOL WITH OPTIONS FOR YOU TO TRADE WITH THIS PROGRAM ON TRADINGVIEW.
//
// I accept suggestions to improve the script.
// If you encounter any problems I will be happy to share with me.
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ //
strategy(title = "SUPERTREND ATR WITH TRAILING STOP LOSS",
shorttitle = "SUPERTREND ATR WITH TSL",
overlay = true,
precision = 8,
calc_on_order_fills = true,
calc_on_every_tick = true,
backtest_fill_limits_assumption = 0,
default_qty_type = strategy.percent_of_equity,
default_qty_value = 100,
initial_capital = 1000,
currency = currency.USD,
linktoseries = true)
//
// ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ //
// === BACKTEST RANGE ===
backTestSectionFrom = input(title = "═══════════════ FROM ═══════════════", defval = true, type = input.bool)
FromMonth = input(defval = 1, title = "Month", minval = 1)
FromDay = input(defval = 1, title = "Day", minval = 1)
FromYear = input(defval = 2019, title = "Year", minval = 2014)
backTestSectionTo = input(title = "════════════════ TO ════════════════", defval = true, type = input.bool)
ToMonth = input(defval = 31, title = "Month", minval = 1)
ToDay = input(defval = 12, title = "Day", minval = 1)
ToYear = input(defval = 9999, title = "Year", minval = 2014)
backTestPeriod() => (time > timestamp(FromYear, FromMonth, FromDay, 00, 00)) and (time < timestamp(ToYear, ToMonth, ToDay, 23, 59))
//
// ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ //
parameterSection = input(title = "═════════════ STRATEGY ═════════════", defval = true, type = input.bool)
// === INPUT TO SELECT POSITION ===
positionType = input(defval="LONG", title="Position Type", options=["LONG", "SHORT"])
// === INPUT TO SELECT INITIAL STOP LOSS
initialStopLossPercent = input(defval = 3.0, minval = 0.0, title="Initial Stop Loss")
// === INPUT TO SELECT BARS BACK
barsBack = input(title="ATR Period", defval=1)
// === INPUT TO SELECT MULTPLIER FACTOR
multplierFactor = input(title="ATR multplierFactoriplier", step=0.1, defval=3.0)
//
// ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ //
// LOGIC TO FIND DIRECTION WHEN THERE IS TREND CHANGE ACCORDING VOLATILITY
atr = multplierFactor * atr(barsBack)
longStop = hl2 - atr
longStopPrev = nz(longStop[1], longStop)
longStop := close[1] > longStopPrev ? max(longStop, longStopPrev) : longStop
shortStop = hl2 + atr
shortStopPrev = nz(shortStop[1], shortStop)
shortStop := close[1] < shortStopPrev ? min(shortStop, shortStopPrev) : shortStop
direction = 1
direction := nz(direction[1], direction)
direction := direction == -1 and close > shortStopPrev ? 1 : direction == 1 and close < longStopPrev ? -1 : direction
longColor = color.blue
shortColor = color.blue
var valueToPlot = 0.0
var colorToPlot = color.white
if (direction == 1)
valueToPlot := longStop
colorToPlot := color.green
else
valueToPlot := shortStop
colorToPlot := color.red
//
// ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ //
//
// === GLOBAL VARIABLES AND FUNCTIONS TO STORE IMPORTANT CONDITIONALS TO TRAILING STOP
hasEntryLongConditional() => direction == 1
hasCloseLongConditional() => direction == -1
hasEntryShortConditional() => direction == -1
hasCloseShortConditional() => direction == 1
stopLossPercent = positionType == "LONG" ? initialStopLossPercent * -1 : initialStopLossPercent
var entryPrice = 0.0
var updatedEntryPrice = 0.0
var stopLossPrice = 0.0
hasOpenTrade() => strategy.opentrades != 0
notHasOpenTrade() => strategy.opentrades == 0
strategyClose() =>
if positionType == "LONG"
strategy.close("LONG", when=true)
else
strategy.close("SHORT", when=true)
strategyOpen() =>
if positionType == "LONG"
strategy.entry("LONG", strategy.long, when=true)
else
strategy.entry("SHORT", strategy.short, when=true)
isLong() => positionType == "LONG" ? true : false
isShort() => positionType == "SHORT" ? true : false
//
// ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ //
//
// === LOGIC TO TRAILING STOP IN LONG POSITION
if (isLong() and backTestPeriod())
crossedStopLoss = close <= stopLossPrice
terminateOperation = hasOpenTrade() and (crossedStopLoss or hasCloseLongConditional())
if (terminateOperation)
entryPrice := 0.0
updatedEntryPrice := entryPrice
stopLossPrice := 0.0
strategyClose()
startOperation = notHasOpenTrade() and hasEntryLongConditional()
if(startOperation)
entryPrice := close
updatedEntryPrice := entryPrice
stopLossPrice := entryPrice + (entryPrice * stopLossPercent) / 100
strategyOpen()
strategyPercentege = (close - updatedEntryPrice) / updatedEntryPrice * 100.00
rideUpStopLoss = hasOpenTrade() and strategyPercentege > 1
if (isLong() and rideUpStopLoss)
stopLossPercent := stopLossPercent + strategyPercentege - 1.0
newStopLossPrice = updatedEntryPrice + (updatedEntryPrice * stopLossPercent) / 100
stopLossPrice := max(stopLossPrice, newStopLossPrice)
updatedEntryPrice := stopLossPrice
//
// ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ //
//
// === LOGIC TO TRAILING STOP IN SHORT POSITION
if (isShort() and backTestPeriod())
crossedStopLoss = close >= stopLossPrice
terminateOperation = hasOpenTrade() and (crossedStopLoss or hasCloseShortConditional())
if (terminateOperation)
entryPrice := 0.0
updatedEntryPrice := entryPrice
stopLossPrice := 0.0
strategyClose()
startOperation = notHasOpenTrade() and hasEntryShortConditional()
if(startOperation)
entryPrice := close
updatedEntryPrice := entryPrice
stopLossPrice := entryPrice + (entryPrice * stopLossPercent) / 100
strategyOpen()
strategyPercentege = (close - updatedEntryPrice) / updatedEntryPrice * 100.00
rideDownStopLoss = hasOpenTrade() and strategyPercentege < -1
if (rideDownStopLoss)
stopLossPercent := stopLossPercent + strategyPercentege + 1.0
newStopLossPrice = updatedEntryPrice + (updatedEntryPrice * stopLossPercent) / 100
stopLossPrice := min(stopLossPrice, newStopLossPrice)
updatedEntryPrice := stopLossPrice
//
// ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒
//
// === DRAWING SHAPES
entryPricePlotConditinal = entryPrice == 0.0 ? na : entryPrice
trailingStopLossPlotConditional = stopLossPrice == 0.0 ? na : stopLossPrice
plotshape(entryPricePlotConditinal, title= "Entry Price", color=color.blue, style=shape.circle, location=location.absolute, size=size.tiny)
plotshape(trailingStopLossPlotConditional, title= "Stop Loss", color=color.red, style=shape.circle, location=location.absolute, size=size.tiny)
plot(valueToPlot == 0.0 ? na : valueToPlot, title="BuyLine", linewidth=2, color=colorToPlot)
plotshape(direction == 1 and direction[1] == -1 ? longStop : na, title="Buy", style=shape.labelup, location=location.absolute, size=size.normal, text="Buy", transp=0, textcolor = color.white, color=color.green, transp=0)
plotshape(direction == -1 and direction[1] == 1 ? shortStop : na, title="Sell", style=shape.labeldown, location=location.absolute, size=size.normal, text="Sell", transp=0, textcolor = color.white, color=color.red, transp=0)
alertcondition(direction == 1 and direction[1] == -1 ? longStop : na, title="Buy", message="Buy!")
alertcondition(direction == -1 and direction[1] == 1 ? shortStop : na, title="Sell", message="Sell!")