三重超趋势均线突破策略是一种比较常见的利用多个不同参数设置的超趋势均线以及 defines 趋势的 EMA 来识别趋势方向并进行交易的策略。该策略的主要思想是当至少两个超趋势均线线在 defines 大趋势的 EMA 线上方呈现多头状态时建立多头;当至少两个超趋势均线线在 defines 大趋势的 EMA 线下方呈现空头状态时建立空头。
该策略通过设置三条不同参数的超趋势均线,以及一条定义大趋势方向的 EMA 来判断建仓和平仓:
设置三条超趋势均线 supertrend1、supertrend2、supertrend3,颜色分别为绿色表示上涨趋势,红色表示下跌趋势。
设置一条 EMA 平滑移动平均线 ematrend 来定义大趋势,当三条超趋势均线全部高于该 EMA 时定义为大盘多头行情,反之定义为空头行情。
当至少两条超趋势均线在大盘多头的情况下同时显示多头(绿色),即方向值小于0时判断为多头信号;当至少两条超趋势均线在大盘空头的情况下同时显示空头(红色),即方向值大于0时判断为空头信号。
随后在信号发出时开仓做多/做空。
设置止损止盈条件。其中固定止盈设置为风险回报比,即盈亏比为3;设置移动止损为下跌一个ATR即止损。
当止损或止盈条件触发时平仓。
该策略具有以下优势:
使用三重超趋势均线结合趋势判断EMA,能够有效识别趋势信号。
多空条件判断规则明确,容易理解和实现。
设置移动止损与固定止盈,有效控制风险。
可根据需要调整超参数,优化策略。
该策略也存在一定风险:
超参数设置不当可能导致错失良好交易机会。可以测试不同的ATR周期、ATR倍数、EMA周期参数。
突破失败的概率存在,可通过调整超参数降低概率。
止损或止盈设置过于宽松会增加亏损概率。应适当缩紧止损范围。
回测数据容易产生过拟合问题。应注意多市场多周期测试。
该策略可以从以下几个方面进行优化:
测试最佳超参数组合。可以组合测试不同的ATR周期、ATR倍数、EMA平均线周期,找到最佳参数。
增加交易品种。可以增加股票、数字货币等不同品种来验证策略有效性。
结合其他指标过滤信号。例如可以添加RSI,MACD等指标避免错读趋势信号。
优化止损止盈机制。可以测试追踪止损,或是基于ATR/波动率变化的止损方式。
三重超趋势均线突破策略整体来说是一种较为简单实用的趋势跟踪策略。它同时结合多条超趋势均线以及趋势判断EMA来发掘机会,有效控制风险。通过参数优化和规则优化,可以获得更好的效果。该策略易于理解,值得学习借鉴。
/*backtest
start: 2022-12-14 00:00:00
end: 2023-12-20 00:00:00
period: 1d
basePeriod: 1h
exchanges: [{"eid":"Futures_Binance","currency":"BTC_USDT"}]
*/
// @version=5
// author=theasgard and moonshot-indicator (ms)
// year 2021
//
// This is a well knowen strategy by using 3 different Supertrends and a trend-defining EMA,
// feel free to play around with the settings, a backtest on 8h ETHUSDT pair brought some good results using
// the 233EMA and investing 75% of a 10k start capital
//
// the idea is to have at least 2 supertrnds going green above the trend-EMA to go long and exit by turning
// 2 supertrends red (idea: 1 supertrend in red could initialize a take profit)
// shorts work vice versa
// The EMA shows in green for uptrends and in red for downtrends, if it is blue no Signal will be taken because
// the 3 supertrends are not all above or below the trendline(EMA)
//
// Update 1:
// Fixed a minor input error
// Added ATR stoploss, and commented out the percentage stop loss
// Added time window to backtest
// Added exit on risk/revard is met
// This version is only buy...wait for next update adding shorts
strategy("ms hypertrender", overlay=true)
// set up 3 supertrendlines and colour the direction up/down
atrPeriod1 = input(10, "ATR Length 1")
factor1 = input.float(1.0, "ATR Factor 1", step = 0.01)
[supertrend1, direction1] = ta.supertrend(factor1, atrPeriod1)
upTrend1 = plot(direction1 < 0 ? supertrend1 : na, "Up Trend 1", color = color.green, style=plot.style_linebr)
downTrend1 = plot(direction1 < 0? na : supertrend1, "Down Trend 1", color = color.red, style=plot.style_linebr)
atrPeriod2 = input(11, "ATR Length 2")
factor2 = input.float(2.0, "ATR Factor 2", step = 0.01)
[supertrend2, direction2] = ta.supertrend(factor2, atrPeriod2)
upTrend2 = plot(direction2 < 0 ? supertrend2 : na, "Up Trend 2", color = color.green, style=plot.style_linebr)
downTrend2 = plot(direction2 < 0? na : supertrend2, "Down Trend 2", color = color.red, style=plot.style_linebr)
atrPeriod3 = input(12, "ATR Length 3")
factor3 = input.float(3.0, "ATR Factor 3", step = 0.01)
[supertrend3, direction3] = ta.supertrend(factor3, atrPeriod3)
upTrend3 = plot(direction3 < 0 ? supertrend3 : na, "Up Trend 3", color = color.green, style=plot.style_linebr)
downTrend3 = plot(direction3 < 0? na : supertrend3, "Down Trend 3", color = color.red, style=plot.style_linebr)
//set up the trend dividing EMA and color uptrend nutreal downtrend
len = input.int(233, minval=1, title="Trend-EMA Length")
src = input(close, title="Source")
offset = input.int(title="Offset", defval=0, minval=-500, maxval=500)
//general Bull or Bear Trend? Visualized by ema
ematrend = ta.ema(src, len)
generaluptrend = supertrend1 > ematrend and supertrend2 > ematrend and supertrend3 > ematrend
generaldowntrend = supertrend1 < ematrend and supertrend2 < ematrend and supertrend3 < ematrend
emacolor = if generaluptrend
color.green
else if generaldowntrend
color.red
else
color.blue
plot(ematrend, title="EMA", color=emacolor, linewidth=3, offset=offset)
// Bullish? min 2 supertrends green
bullish = (direction1 < 0 and direction2 < 0) or (direction1 < 0 and direction3 < 0) or (direction2 < 0 and direction3 < 0) and generaluptrend
extremebullish = direction1 < 0 and direction2 < 0 and direction3 < 0 and generaluptrend //all 3 green
// Bearish? min 2 supertrends red
bearish = (direction1 > 0 and direction2 > 0) or (direction1 > 0 and direction3 > 0) or (direction2 > 0 and direction3 > 0) and generaldowntrend
extremebearish = direction1 > 0 and direction2 > 0 and direction3 > 0 and generaldowntrend //all 3 red
// Open Long
//plotchar(((bullish and not bullish[1]) or (extremebullish and not extremebullish[1])) and (emacolor==color.green)? close : na, title = 'Start Long', char='▲', color = #80eb34, location = location.belowbar, size = size.small)
// TP 10% Long
TP10long = ((generaluptrend and bullish[1]) or (generaluptrend and extremebullish[1])) and (direction1 > 0 or direction2 > 0 or direction3 > 0)
//plotchar(TP10long and not TP10long[1]? close : na, title = 'TP on Long', char='┼', color = #ffd000, location = location.abovebar, size = size.tiny)
// Exit Long
//plotchar(extremebearish and not extremebearish[1] or bearish and not bearish[1]? close : na, title = 'Close all Longs', char='Ꭓ', color = #ff0037, location = location.abovebar, size = size.tiny)
stopsupertrendup = if supertrend1 < supertrend2 and supertrend1 < supertrend3
(supertrend1)
else if supertrend2 < supertrend1 and supertrend2 < supertrend3
(supertrend2)
else if supertrend3 < supertrend1 and supertrend3 < supertrend2
(supertrend3)
lowestLows = ta.lowest(low, 1)
// Open Short
//plotchar(((bearish and not bearish[1]) or (extremebearish and not extremebearish[1])) and (emacolor==color.red)? close : na, title = 'Start Short', char='▼', color = #0547e3, location = location.abovebar, size = size.small)
// TP 10% Short
TP10short = ((generaldowntrend and bearish[1]) or (generaldowntrend and extremebearish[1])) and (direction1 < 0 or direction2 < 0 or direction3 < 0)
//plotchar(TP10short and not TP10short[1]? close : na, title = 'TP on Short', char='┼', color = #ffd000, location = location.belowbar, size = size.tiny)
// Exit Short
//plotchar(extremebullish and not extremebullish[1] or bullish and not bullish[1]? close : na, title = 'Close all Shorts', char='Ꭓ', color = #ff0037, location = location.belowbar, size = size.tiny)
stopsupertrenddown = if supertrend1 > supertrend2 and supertrend1 > supertrend3
(supertrend1)
else if supertrend2 > supertrend1 and supertrend2 > supertrend3
(supertrend2)
else if supertrend3 > supertrend1 and supertrend3 > supertrend2
(supertrend3)
highestHighs = ta.highest(high,1)
// Set stop loss level with input options (optional)
//longLossPerc = input.float(title="Long Stop Loss (%)",
// minval=0.0, step=0.1, defval=1) * 0.01
//shortLossPerc = input.float(title="Short Stop Loss (%)",
// minval=0.0, step=0.1, defval=1) * 0.01
// Determine stop loss price
//longStopPrice = strategy.position_avg_price * (1 - longLossPerc)
//shortStopPrice = strategy.position_avg_price * (1 + shortLossPerc)
openlong = (extremebullish and not extremebullish[1]) and (emacolor==color.green)//(((bullish and not bullish[1]) or
openshort = (extremebearish and not extremebearish[1]) and (emacolor==color.red)//(((bearish and not bearish[1]) or
exitlong = lowestLows<(stopsupertrendup - ((stopsupertrendup / 100) * 0.1)) //(extremebearish and not extremebearish[1] or bearish and not bearish[1]) or TP10long or
exitshort = highestHighs>(stopsupertrenddown - ((stopsupertrenddown / 100) * 0.1)) //(extremebullish and not extremebullish[1] or bullish and not bullish[1]) or TP10short
//strategy.entry("buy", strategy.long, when=openlong)
//strategy.entry("sell", strategy.short, when=openshort)
//strategy.close("buy", when=exitlong)
//strategy.close("sell", when=exitshort)
// Submit exit orders based on calculated stop loss price
//if (strategy.position_size > 0)
// strategy.exit(id="Long Stop", stop=longStopPrice)
//if (strategy.position_size < 0)
// strategy.exit(id="Short Stop", stop=shortStopPrice)
backtest_timeframe_start = input(defval = timestamp("01 Apr 2016 13:30 +0000"), title = "Backtest Start Time")
USE_ENDTIME = input(false,title="Define the ending period for backtests (If false, will test up to most recent candle)")
backtest_timeframe_end = input(defval = timestamp("19 Mar 2021 19:30 +0000"), title = "Backtest End Time")
TARGET_PROFIT_MODE = input(false,title="Exit when Risk:Reward met")
REWARD_RATIO = input(3,title="Risk:[Reward] (i.e. 3) for exit")
// Trailing stop loss {
TSL_ON = input(true,title="Use trailing stop loss")
var entry_price = float(0)
ATR_multi_len = 26
ATR_multi = input(2, "ATR multiplier for stop loss")
ATR_buffer = ta.atr(ATR_multi_len) * ATR_multi
plotchar(ATR_buffer, "ATR Buffer", "A", location = location.top)
risk_reward_buffer = (ta.atr(ATR_multi_len) * ATR_multi) * REWARD_RATIO
take_profit_long = low > entry_price + risk_reward_buffer
take_profit_short = low < entry_price - risk_reward_buffer
var trailing_SL_buffer = float(0)
var stop_loss_price = float(0)
stop_loss_price := math.max(stop_loss_price, close - trailing_SL_buffer)
// plot TSL line
trail_profit_line_color = color.green
if strategy.position_size == 0 or not TSL_ON
trail_profit_line_color := color.black
stop_loss_price := close - trailing_SL_buffer
plot(stop_loss_price,color=trail_profit_line_color)
// }
if true
buy_condition = openlong
exit_condition = exitlong
//ENTRY:
if buy_condition
if strategy.position_size == 0
entry_price := close
trailing_SL_buffer := ATR_buffer
stop_loss_price := close - ATR_buffer
msg = "entry"
if strategy.position_size > 0
msg := "pyramiding"
strategy.entry("Long",strategy.long, comment=msg)
//EXIT:
// Case (A) hits trailing stop
if TSL_ON and strategy.position_size > 0 and close <= stop_loss_price
if close > entry_price
strategy.close("Long", comment="take profit [trailing]")
else if close <= entry_price
strategy.close("Long", comment="stop loss")
// Case (B) take targeted profit relative to risk
if strategy.position_size > 0 and TARGET_PROFIT_MODE
if take_profit_long
strategy.close("Long", comment="take profits [risk:reward]")
// Case (C)
if strategy.position_size > 0 and exit_condition
if take_profit_long
strategy.close("Long", comment="exit[rsi]")