Strategi Stop Loss Ganda Moving Average

Penulis:ChaoZhang, Tarikh: 2023-12-29 16:59:17
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Ringkasan

Strategi ini menggunakan persilangan purata bergerak cepat dan perlahan untuk menentukan kedudukan panjang dan pendek. Ia menjadi panjang apabila MA cepat melintasi MA perlahan dan menutup kedudukan apabila MA pantas melintasi di bawah MA perlahan. Untuk mengejar keuntungan yang lebih tinggi, strategi ini mengamalkan mekanisme stop loss yang tertinggal. Daripada menetapkan harga stop loss tepat di bawah harga kemasukan selepas membuka kedudukan panjang, ia menetapkan harga stop loss yang tertinggal yang bergerak ke atas berikutan kenaikan harga sehingga penurunan harga mencapai had harga stop loss.

Bagaimana ia berfungsi

Strategi ini menggunakan garis Purata Bergerak Sederhana (SMA) yang cepat dan perlahan untuk menentukan kemasukan dan keluar. Apabila SMA cepat melintasi SMA perlahan, ia menandakan aliran menaik sehingga strategi menjadi panjang. Apabila SMA cepat melintasi di bawah SMA perlahan, ia menandakan pembalikan trend sehingga strategi bersiap untuk menutup kedudukan.

Untuk memaksimumkan keuntungan, strategi ini memperkenalkan mekanisme stop loss. Daripada menggunakan harga stop loss tetap selepas membuka kedudukan panjang, ia menetapkan harga stop loss yang bergerak ke atas berikutan kenaikan harga. Setiap kali harga meningkat dengan peratusan tertentu, harga stop loss yang diturunkan disesuaikan dengan peratusan yang telah ditentukan. Apabila harga menarik kembali dan mencapai harga stop loss yang diturunkan, ia mencetuskan pesanan stop loss untuk menutup kedudukan.

Khususnya, harga stop loss yang berturut-turut dikira sebagai:

Harga Stop Loss Terakhir = Harga × (1 - Peratusan Stop Loss Terakhir)

Peratusan Stop Loss Trailing ditakrifkan oleh parameter strategi Deviation %. Strategi ini mengira semula harga stop loss trailing pada setiap bar yang ditutup. Harga stop loss trailing baru tidak boleh lebih rendah daripada bar sebelumnya, untuk memastikan harga stop loss hanya bergerak ke atas, bukan ke bawah.

Apabila harga jatuh dan mencapai harga stop loss yang tertinggal, ia mencetuskan isyarat penutupan dan kedudukan akan ditutup dengan pesanan pasaran.

Kelebihan

  • Gunakan purata bergerak berganda untuk menentukan arah trend dengan hasil backtest yang baik
  • Mengambil langkah berhenti rugi untuk mengejar keuntungan yang lebih tinggi
  • Tempoh purata bergerak yang boleh disesuaikan dan peratusan penghentian kerugian
  • Baris Stop Loss terus bergerak ke atas apabila trend naik, mengunci dalam kebanyakan keuntungan
  • Hentikan kerugian dengan cepat apabila trend berbalik untuk mengelakkan kerugian lanjut

Risiko dan Penyelesaian

  • Masa persilangan purata bergerak yang tidak betul boleh menyebabkan isyarat palsu. Uji parameter yang berbeza untuk mencari gabungan MA yang optimum
  • Menyesuaikan parameter peratusan stop loss yang terlalu agresif boleh dihentikan lebih awal.
  • Jurang harga boleh menembusi harga stop loss secara langsung. Pertimbangkan untuk menggabungkan penunjuk lain untuk menilai trend dan mengelakkan perdagangan semasa tempoh yang berbeza

Arahan pengoptimuman

  • Uji parameter tempoh purata bergerak yang berbeza untuk mencari kombinasi optimum
  • Uji parameter peratusan penghentian kerugian yang berbeza untuk mencari tahap penghentian kerugian yang optimum
  • Menambah penunjuk lain untuk menangguhkan dagangan semasa tempoh julat untuk mengelakkan terjejas oleh peristiwa sporadik

Kesimpulan

Strategi ini menggabungkan penunjuk purata bergerak untuk menilai arah trend dan mekanisme hentian kerugian untuk mengunci keuntungan, melakukan dengan baik pada data latihan. Dengan mengoptimumkan parameter dan mengawal risiko, ia mempunyai potensi untuk mencapai keuntungan yang stabil. Walau bagaimanapun, tiada strategi yang dapat mengelakkan kerugian sepenuhnya. Ia disyorkan untuk menyesuaikan saiz kedudukan, menguji produk yang berbeza, dan mempelbagaikan risiko.


/*backtest
start: 2022-12-22 00:00:00
end: 2023-12-28 00:00:00
period: 1d
basePeriod: 1h
exchanges: [{"eid":"Futures_Binance","currency":"BTC_USDT"}]
*/

//@version=5
//
// ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒ 
//  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  Copyright 2022 Iason Nikolas | jason5480
//  Trailing Buy script may be freely distributed under the MIT license.
//
//  Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, 
//  to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), 
//  to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, 
//  publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, 
//  subject to the following conditions:
//
//  The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
//  THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, 
//  EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, 
//  FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, 
//  DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, 
//  OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
//
//  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
//  Authors:  @jason5480
//  Revision: v1.0.1
//  Date:     24-Feb-2022
//
//  Description
//  =============================================================================
//  This strategy will go long if fast MA crosses over slow MA.
//  If the 'Enable Trailing` is checked then the strategy instead of exiting from the position
//  directly it will follow the price upwards (percentagewise) with small steps
//  If the price drops by this percentage then the exit order will be executed
//
//  The strategy has the following parameters:
//
//  Fast SMA Length - How many candles back to calculte the fast SMA.
//  Slow SMA Length - How many candles back to calculte the slow SMA.
//  Enable Trailing - Enable or disable the trailing
//  Deviation % - The step to follow the price when the open position condition is met.
//  Source Exit Control - The source price to compare with the exit price to trigger the exit order when trailing.
//  
//  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//  Disclaimer:
//    1. I am not licensed financial advisors or broker dealer. I do not tell you 
//       when or what to buy or sell. I developed this software which enables you 
//       execute manual or automated using TradingView. The 
//       software allows you to set the criteria you want for entering and exiting 
//       trades.
//    2. Do not trade with money you cannot afford to lose.
//    3. I do not guarantee consistent profits or that anyone can make money with no 
//       effort. And I am not selling the holy grail.
//    4. Every system can have winning and losing streaks.
//    5. Money management plays a large role in the results of your trading. For 
//       example: lot size, account size, broker leverage, and broker margin call 
//       rules all have an effect on results. Also, your Take Profit and Stop Loss 
//       settings for individual pair trades and for overall account equity have a 
//       major impact on results. If you are new to trading and do not understand 
//       these items, then I recommend you seek education materials to further your
//       knowledge.
//
//    YOU NEED TO FIND AND USE THE TRADING SYSTEM THAT WORKS BEST FOR YOU AND YOUR 
//    TRADING TOLERANCE.
//
//    I HAVE PROVIDED NOTHING MORE THAN A TOOL WITH OPTIONS FOR YOU TO TRADE WITH THIS PROGRAM ON TRADINGVIEW.
//    
//    I accept suggestions to improve the script.
//    If you encounter any problems I will be happy to share with me.
//  -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//
// ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒
// SETUP ============================================================================================================

strategy(title = 'Trailing Sell',
         shorttitle = 'TS',
         overlay = true,
         pyramiding = 0,
         default_qty_type = strategy.percent_of_equity,
         default_qty_value = 100,
         initial_capital = 100000)

//
// ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒
// FILTERS ==========================================================================================================

// INPUT ============================================================================================================
usefromDate = input.bool(defval = true, title = 'From', inline = "From Date", group = "Filters")
fromDate = input(defval = timestamp('01 Jan 2021 00:00 UTC'), title = '', inline = "From Date", group = 'Filters')
usetoDate = input.bool(defval = false, title = 'To ', inline = "To Date", group = "Filters")
toDate = input(defval = timestamp('31 Dec 2121 23:59 UTC'), title = '', inline = "To Date", group = 'Filters')

// LOGIC ============================================================================================================
isWithinPeriod() => true // create function "within window of time"

// PLOT =============================================================================================================
bgcolor(color = isWithinPeriod() ? color.new(color.gray, 90) : na, title = 'Period')

//
// ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒
// STRATEGY =========================================================================================================

// INPUT ============================================================================================================
fastMALen = input.int(defval = 21, title = 'Fast/Slow SMA Length', inline = 'MA Length', group = 'Strategy')
slowMALen = input.int(defval = 49, title = '', tooltip = 'How many candles back to calculte the fast/slow SMA.', inline = 'MA Length', group = 'Strategy')

// LOGIC ============================================================================================================
fastMA = ta.sma(close, fastMALen)
slowMA = ta.sma(close, slowMALen)

bool openLongPosition = isWithinPeriod() and ta.crossover(fastMA, slowMA)
bool closeLongPosition = ta.crossunder(fastMA, slowMA)

// PLOT =============================================================================================================
var fastColor = color.new(#0056BD, 0)
plot(series = fastMA, title = 'Fast SMA', color = fastColor, linewidth = 1, style = plot.style_line)
var slowColor = color.new(#FF6A00, 0)
plot(series = slowMA, title = 'Slow SMA', color = slowColor, linewidth = 1, style = plot.style_line)

plotshape(series = closeLongPosition and strategy.position_size > 0 ? fastMA : na, title = 'Sell', text = 'Sell', style = shape.labeldown, location = location.absolute, color = color.new(color.red, 0), textcolor = color.new(color.white, 0), size = size.tiny)

//
// ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒
// EXIT ============================================================================================================

// INPUT ============================================================================================================
enableTrailing = input.bool(defval = true, title = 'Enable Trailing', tooltip = 'Enable or disable the trailing for exit position.', group = 'Exit')
devExitPerc = input.float(defval = 3.0, title = 'Deviation %', minval = 0.01, maxval = 100, step = 0.05, tooltip = 'The step to follow the price when the open position condition is met.', group = 'Exit') / 100
ctrLongExitSrc = input.source(defval = low, title = 'Source Exit Control', tooltip = 'The source price to compare with the exit price to trigger the exit order when trailing.', group = 'Exit')

// LOGIC ============================================================================================================
var bool exitLongPosition = false

int barsSinceOpenLong = nz(ta.barssince(openLongPosition), 999999)
int barsSinceCloseLong = nz(ta.barssince(closeLongPosition), 999999)
int barsSinceExitLong = nz(ta.barssince(exitLongPosition), 999999)
bool closeLongIsActive = barsSinceOpenLong >= barsSinceCloseLong
bool exitLongIsPending = barsSinceExitLong >= barsSinceCloseLong
bool tryExitLongPosition = isWithinPeriod() and closeLongIsActive and exitLongIsPending

float longExitPrice = na
longExitPrice := if closeLongPosition and strategy.position_size > 0
    close * (1 - devExitPerc)
else if tryExitLongPosition
    math.max(high * (1 - devExitPerc), nz(longExitPrice[1], 999999))
else
    na

exitLongPosition := enableTrailing ? isWithinPeriod() and ta.crossunder(closeLongPosition ? close : ctrLongExitSrc, longExitPrice) : closeLongPosition

// PLOT =============================================================================================================
var sellPriceColor = color.new(#e25141, 0)
plot(series = enableTrailing ? longExitPrice : na, title = 'Long Sell Price', color = sellPriceColor, linewidth = 1, style = plot.style_linebr)

//
// ▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒▒
// POSITION ORDERS ==================================================================================================

// LOGIC ============================================================================================================
// getting into LONG position
strategy.entry(id = 'Long Entry', direction = strategy.long, when = openLongPosition, alert_message = 'Long(' + syminfo.ticker + '): Started')
// submit close order on trend reversal
strategy.close(id = 'Long Entry', when = exitLongPosition, comment = 'Close Long', alert_message = 'Long(' + syminfo.ticker + '): Closed at market price')

// PLOT =============================================================================================================
var posColor = color.new(color.white, 0)
plot(series = strategy.position_avg_price, title = 'Position', color = posColor, linewidth = 1, style = plot.style_linebr)

// ==================================================================================================================

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