
Ini adalah strategi kuantitatif mudah yang menggunakan crossover rata-rata bergerak ganda sebagai isyarat membeli dan menjual. Ia menggunakan dua garis MA yang berkala yang berbeza, menghasilkan isyarat membeli apabila garis MA jangka pendek melintasi garis MA jangka panjang dari bawah; menghasilkan isyarat jual apabila garis MA jangka pendek melintasi garis MA jangka panjang dari atas ke bawah.
Strategi ini dihasilkan dengan mengira harga tutup dengan 8 EMA dan 72 EMA, dan digambarkan pada carta. Apabila 8 EMA melewati 72 EMA, ia menghasilkan isyarat beli; apabila 8 EMA melewati 72 EMA, ia menghasilkan isyarat jual.
Asumsi asas strategi adalah: garis MA jangka pendek mewakili trend harga dan momentum terkini, dan garis MA jangka panjang mewakili trend jangka panjang. Apabila MA jangka pendek melintasi MA panjang, ini menunjukkan bahawa trend jangka pendek semakin kuat, mendorong harga untuk menembusi garis rata-rata jangka panjang, dan oleh itu boleh dibeli. Apabila MA jangka pendek melintasi MA panjang, ini menunjukkan bahawa kenaikan jangka pendek telah berakhir, dan sokongan jangka panjang telah dilanggar, dan penjualan harus dipertimbangkan.
Strategi ini juga menggunakan penunjuk William % R untuk menentukan kawasan overbought dan oversold, dan penunjuk MACD untuk menentukan arah pergerakan harga, untuk memberi rujukan kepada keputusan perdagangan. Selain itu, strategi ini juga menyediakan beberapa penunjuk tambahan seperti Dema, Pivots dan lain-lain untuk membantu menganalisis trend.
Kelebihan terbesar strategi persilangan dua MA adalah mudah difahami dan mudah dilaksanakan. Dengan hanya bergantung pada persilangan dua MA, anda boleh menghasilkan isyarat perdagangan mengikut peraturan, tanpa memerlukan model dan pengoptimuman parameter yang rumit.
Satu lagi kelebihan adalah bahawa strategi persilangan MA berfungsi dengan baik di pasaran yang sedang tren. Apabila harga saham menunjukkan trend naik atau turun yang jelas, strategi persilangan MA dapat menangkap trend besar dan menghasilkan keuntungan yang lebih baik.
Strategi persilangan MA ganda juga mempunyai beberapa risiko yang perlu diperhatikan. Pertama, dalam pasaran yang bergolak, persilangan garis MA sering berlaku, mudah menghasilkan isyarat yang salah dan kerugian berantai. Kedua, isyarat persilangan MA sering terlewat dan tidak dapat mencerminkan kesan peristiwa mengejut.
Ia boleh digabungkan dengan petunjuk lain untuk mengesahkan isyarat, mengoptimumkan parameter MA, atau operasi pasaran yang jelas dalam trend untuk mengurangkan risiko. Selain itu, menetapkan stop loss, pengurusan kedudukan dan sebagainya adalah sangat penting.
Strategi MA ganda yang mudah ini boleh dioptimumkan dalam beberapa aspek:
Uji kombinasi parameter kitaran MA yang berbeza untuk mencari parameter terbaik;
Menapis isyarat dengan penambahan petunjuk lain, seperti MACD, KDJ dan lain-lain, untuk menjadikan strategi lebih stabil;
Menubuhkan mekanisme keluar dinamik yang menjejaki kedudukan berhenti rugi yang optimum, dan bukannya hanya menggunakan nilai tetap;
Menggunakan kitaran MA yang sesuai dengan keadaan pasaran, parameter pengoptimuman;
Menggabungkan pembelajaran mesin canggih dan model pembelajaran mendalam untuk membuat ramalan dan meningkatkan ketepatan isyarat.
Strategi ini berfungsi sebagai strategi silang MA ganda yang mudah, walaupun mempunyai masalah keterbelakangan dan isyarat palsu, tetapi mudah difahami dan dilaksanakan. Dengan beberapa pengoptimuman dan pengubahsuaian, ia masih boleh menjadi strategi perdagangan kuantitatif asas dan praktikal.
/*backtest
start: 2022-12-18 00:00:00
end: 2023-12-24 00:00:00
period: 1d
basePeriod: 1h
exchanges: [{"eid":"Futures_Binance","currency":"BTC_USDT"}]
*/
// This source code is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public License 2.0 at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/
// © DalmarSantos
//@version=4
//Entry and Exit points to TRADE ==> Pontos de Entrada e Saida de TRADE
//Functions in use ==> Funções em uso
//(1) DEMA - Double Exponential Moving Average 08/17/34/72 ==> Média Móvel Exponencial Dupla
//(2) ema() - Exponential Moving Averge 72/ochl4 ==> Média Móvel Exponencial
//(3) plot()
//(4) barcolor()
//(5) cross()
//(6) pivots()
//(7) William R% Md
//(8) Maximum and Minimum Value
//(9) fill()
//(10) macd() - Moving Average Convergence Divergence
//(11) tsi() - Trading Strenght Indicator==> Índice de Força Real (IFR)
//(12) Buy and Sell TRADE Points
//(13) Strategy Buy and Sell TRADE Points
strategy("[DS]Entry_Exit_TRADE.V01-Strategy", overlay=true)
//variable ==> variáveis
return = input(title="Return Candels ?", type=input.integer, defval=190) //quantity of candles to analise ==> quantidade de candles para analise
//
//****************************
//Function==> Função | (1)DEMA
//****************************
//Dema 08
e1 = ema(close,8)
e2 = ema(e1,8)
dema08 = 2 * e1 - e2
//
//Dema 17
e1 := ema(close,17)
e2 := ema(e1,17)
dema17 = 2 * e1 - e2
//
//Dema 34
e1 := ema(close,34)
e2 := ema(e1,34)
dema34 = 2 * e1 - e2
//
//Dema 72
e1 := ema(close,72)
e2 := ema(e1,72)
dema72 = 2 * e1 - e2
//
//******************************
//Function==> Função | (2) ema()
//******************************
ema72 = ema(close,72)
emaOhlc4=ema(ohlc4,8)
//
//******************************
//Function==> Função | (3)plot()
//******************************
//
////Show the avareges ==> Apresenta as médias
//plot(dema17, title="DEMA 17", color=color.new(color.lime,0), linewidth=1, style=plot.style_line, transp=0, show_last=return) // Doble Exponential Moving Avarage 17
//plot(dema34, title="DEMA 34", color=color.new(color.black,0), linewidth=1, style=plot.style_line, transp=0, show_last=return) // Doble Exponential Moving Avarage 34
plot(dema72, title="DEMA 72", color=color.orange, linewidth=2, style=plot.style_line, transp=0, show_last=return) // Doble Exponential Moving Avarage 72
plot(emaOhlc4, title="EMA ohlc4", color=emaOhlc4>dema72 ? color.new(color.green,0) : color.new(color.red,0), linewidth=2, style=plot.style_line, transp=0, show_last=return) // Doble Exponential Moving Avarage 72
//
//***********************************
//Function==> Função | (4) barcolor()
//***********************************
//Show color TRADE bar if emaOhlc4>dema72 green (Buy) if not red (Red) ==> Mostra a cor da barra de TRADE se emaOhlc4>dema72 verde (Compra) se não vermelha (Venda)
barcolor(close>dema34 and close>dema72 or close>close[1] ? color.new(color.green,0) : color.new(color.red,0), show_last=return)
//
//********************************
//Function==> Função | (5) cross()
//********************************
// Show the intersections crossing average on the graph ==> Apresenta no gráfico o local dos cruzamentos das médias
//UP ==> para CIMA
plot(crossover(emaOhlc4,dema72) ? dema72 : na, title="Cross UP", color=color.green, transp=0, style=plot.style_circles, linewidth=5, show_last=return)
//DOWM ==> para BAIXO
plot(crossunder(emaOhlc4,dema72) ? dema72 : na, title="Cross DOWN", color=color.red, transp=50, style=plot.style_circles, linewidth=5, show_last=return)
//
//********************************
//Function==> Função | (6) pivot()
//Reference: Pine Script Manual
//********************************
_Pivots = input(title = "══════ Pivots ══════", type = input.bool, defval = false)
leftBars = input(4)
rightBars=input(4)
pivotHigh = pivothigh(leftBars, rightBars) //pivot de alta
plot(pivotHigh>ema72[rightBars] ? pivotHigh : na, title="Pivot High", style=plot.style_cross, linewidth=3, color= color.purple, transp=50, offset=-rightBars, show_last=return)
pivotLow = pivotlow(leftBars, rightBars) //pivot de baixa
plot(pivotLow<ema72[rightBars] ? pivotLow : na, title="Pivot Low", style=plot.style_cross, linewidth=3, color= color.blue, transp=50, offset=-rightBars, show_last=return)
//
//***************************************
//Function==> Função | (7) WILLIAM R% MOD
//Reference: Pine Script Manual
//***************************************
// Getting inputs
_WilliamR = input(title = "══════ William R% Mod ══════", type = input.bool, defval = false)
SOB_William = input(title="OverBought Area", type=input.integer, defval=-7) //OverBought area ==> Area de SobreCompra
SOS_William = input(title="OverSold Area", type=input.integer, defval=-93) //OverSold area ==> Area de SobreVenda
length_William = input(17, minval=1) //interval ==> intervalo
highestHigh_William = highest(length_William) //maximum value ==> valor máximo
highestLow_William = lowest(length_William) //minumum value ==> valor mínimo
R_William = (highestHigh_William - close) / (highestHigh_William - highestLow_William) * -100
//Show the position ==> mostra a posição
//plotshape(R_William > SOS_William ? na : high, text="+R%", title="+r(+)%R Up", location=location.belowbar, color=color.green, transp=30, style=shape.triangleup, size=size.tiny, show_last=return)
//plotshape(R_William < SOB_William ? na : low, text="-R%", title="(-)%R DN", location=location.abovebar, color=color.red, transp=30, style=shape.triangledown, size=size.tiny, show_last=return)
//
// Show label with William %R value ==> Mostra a etiqueta com o valor do William %R
// The color label red is when the value arrive on OverBought Area and green on OverSold Area, be careful with these areas ==> O rótulo de cor vermelha é quando o valor chega na área de SobreCompra e verde na área de SobreVenda, cuidado com estas áreas
//
corTest=color.white
colorText = color.white
estilo = label.style_label_upper_left
textW=""
if R_William>SOB_William
corTest := color.new(color.red,0) //vermelho escuro
estilo := label.style_label_lower_left
textW:="OB"
if R_William>-30 and R_William<=SOB_William
corTest := #f5948e //vermelho intermediário
estilo := label.style_label_lower_left
if R_William>-50 and R_William<=-30
corTest := #f5d5d3 //vermelho claro
colorText := color.black
if R_William>-70 and R_William<=-50
corTest := #e7f5d3 //verde claro
colorText := color.black
if R_William>=SOS_William and R_William<=-70
corTest := color.lime //verde intermediario
estilo := label.style_label_upper_left
colorText := color.black
if R_William<SOS_William
corTest := color.new(color.green,0) // verde escuro
estilo := label.style_label_upper_left
textW:="OS"
// Make a label at the high of the current bar
myLabel = label.new(x=bar_index, y=close, style= estilo, color=corTest, text=tostring(R_William,"#.#")+"% "+textW, textcolor=colorText, size=size.normal)
// Get the label text
labelText = label.get_text(id=myLabel)
// Then set the label's text to a new string that
// includes its current text
label.set_text(id=myLabel, text=labelText)
label.delete(myLabel[1])
//
//**************************************************
//Function==> Função | (8) MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM VALUE
//Reference: Pine Script Manual
//**************************************************
//Maximum High and Minimum Low close position ==> Posição Máxima e Minima de fechamento
ExtremoHigh=high+(highestHigh_William-high)
ExtremoLow=low-(low-highestLow_William)
plot(ExtremoHigh, color=color.new(color.red,70), style=plot.style_line, linewidth=1, show_last=return)
plot(ExtremoLow, color=color.new(color.green,70), style=plot.style_line, linewidth=1, show_last=return)
//Show the Extreme High and Low close position ==> Mostra a extrema posicao alta e baixa do fechamento
lH1 = 0.0
lHInt = close
lL1 = close
lLInt = close
Vr_LinhaH=0.0
Vr_LinhaL=0.0
Vr_LinhaC=0.0
if emaOhlc4<dema72
Vr_LinhaH := high+(highestHigh_William-high)
lH1 := Vr_LinhaH>dema72 ? Vr_LinhaH : dema72
lHInt:=emaOhlc4<dema72 ? dema72 : emaOhlc4
lLInt := lHInt==emaOhlc4 ? dema72 : emaOhlc4
Vr_LinhaL:= low-(low-highestLow_William)
lL1 := Vr_LinhaL>lLInt ? lLInt : Vr_LinhaL
if emaOhlc4>dema72
Vr_LinhaH := high+(highestHigh_William-high)
lH1 := Vr_LinhaH>dema72 ? Vr_LinhaH : dema72
lHInt:=dema72>emaOhlc4 ? dema72 : emaOhlc4
lLInt := lHInt==dema72 ? emaOhlc4 : dema72
Vr_LinhaL:= low-(low-highestLow_William)
lL1 := Vr_LinhaL>lLInt ? lLInt : Vr_LinhaL
//
//*******************************
//Function==> Função | (9) fill()
//Reference: Pine Script Manual
//*******************************
//Show TRADE area in red (Sell) and green (Buy) ==> Mostra a área de trade em vermelho (Venda) e verde (Compra)
Line1 = plot(emaOhlc4, title="Dema ohlc4", color=color.new(color.white,100), linewidth=1, transp=0, show_last=return)
Line2 = plot(dema72, title="Dema 72", color=color.new(color.white,100), linewidth=1,transp=0, show_last=return)
fill(Line1, Line2, color=emaOhlc4>dema72 ? color.new(color.green,90) : color.new(color.red,90), transp=70, show_last=return)
//High area ==> Area de alta
HighlH1 = plot(lH1, title="HighlH1", color=color.green, linewidth=1, transp=90, show_last=return, style=plot.style_linebr)
HighlHInt = plot(lHInt, title="HighlHInt", color=color.green, linewidth=1, transp=100, show_last=return, style=plot.style_linebr)
fill(HighlH1, HighlHInt, color=color.new(color.purple,90), transp=0, show_last=return)
//Low area ==> Area de baixa
LowlL1 = plot(lL1, title="LowlL1", color=color.red, linewidth=1, transp=90, show_last=return, style=plot.style_linebr)
LowlLInt = plot(lLInt, title="LowlLInt", color=color.red, linewidth=1, transp=100, show_last=return, style=plot.style_linebr)
fill(LowlL1, LowlLInt, color=color.new(color.blue,90), transp=0, show_last=return)
//
//***************************************************************************
//Function==> Função | (10) macd() - Moving Average Convergence Divergence
//Reference: Pine Script Manual - adapted TradingView version - Dalmar Santos
//***************************************************************************
// Getting inputs
_Macd = input(title = "═════ Macd ══════════", type = input.bool, defval = false)
fast_length_Macd = input(title="Fast Length", type=input.integer, defval=12)
slow_length_Macd = input(title="Slow Length", type=input.integer, defval=26)
src_Macd = input(title="Source", type=input.source, defval=close)
signal_length_Macd = input(title="Signal Smoothing", type=input.integer, minval = 1, maxval = 50, defval = 9)
// Calculating
fast_ma_Macd = ema(src_Macd, fast_length_Macd)
slow_ma_Macd = ema(src_Macd, slow_length_Macd)
macd_Macd = fast_ma_Macd - slow_ma_Macd
signal_Macd = ema(macd_Macd, signal_length_Macd)
hist_Macd = macd_Macd - signal_Macd
//cross Macd
MacdUp = crossover(macd_Macd,signal_Macd) ? 1 : 0
MacdDown = crossunder (macd_Macd,signal_Macd) ? 1 : 0
plotshape(MacdUp, text="+Md", title="(+)MACD UP", location=location.belowbar, color=color.green, transp=30, style=shape.triangleup, size=size.tiny, show_last=return)
plotshape(MacdDown, text="-Md", title="(-)MACD DN", location=location.abovebar, color=color.red, transp=30, style=shape.triangledown, size=size.tiny, show_last=return)
//
//*****************************************************************************************
//Function==> Função | (11) tsi() - Trading Strenght Indicator ==> Indice de Força do Trading
//Reference: Pine Script Manual - adapted TradingView version - Dalmar Santos
//*****************************************************************************************
_Tsi = input(title = "═════ Tsi ══════════", type = input.bool, defval = false)
long_tsi = input(title="Long Length", type=input.integer, defval=72)
short_tsi = input(title="Short Length", type=input.integer, defval=17)
signal_tsi = input(title="Signal Length", type=input.integer, defval=17)
price_tsi = close
double_smooth(src_tsi, long_tsi, short_tsi) =>
fist_smooth_tsi = ema(src_tsi, long_tsi)
ema(fist_smooth_tsi, short_tsi)
pc_tsi = change(price_tsi)
double_smoothed_pc_tsi = double_smooth(pc_tsi, long_tsi, short_tsi)
double_smoothed_abs_pc_tsi = double_smooth(abs(pc_tsi), long_tsi, short_tsi)
tsi_value_tsi = 100 * (double_smoothed_pc_tsi / double_smoothed_abs_pc_tsi)
//TSI signal ==> Signal do TSI
TsiUp = crossover(tsi_value_tsi,ema(tsi_value_tsi, signal_tsi)) ? 1 : 0
TsiDown = crossunder(tsi_value_tsi,ema(tsi_value_tsi, signal_tsi)) ? 1 : 0
//Show the Position ==> Mostra a posicao
plotshape(TsiUp==1 ? low : na, text="+Tsi", title="(+)TSI Up", location=location.belowbar, color=color.green, transp=30, style=shape.triangleup, size=size.tiny, show_last=return)
plotshape(TsiDown==1 ? high : na, text="-Tsi", title="(-)TSI DN", location=location.abovebar, color=color.red, transp=30, style=shape.triangledown, size=size.tiny, show_last=return)
//
//***************************************************************************
//Function==> Função | (12) Buy and Sell TRADE Points
//Reference: Pine Script Manual - adapted TradingView version - Dalmar Santos
//***************************************************************************
//Cross Point ==> pontos de cruzamento
crossUP=crossover(emaOhlc4,dema34)
crossDN=crossunder(emaOhlc4,dema34)
//Show de Buy and Sell points ==> mostra pontos de compra e venda
tradeColor=crossUP ? color.red : crossDN ? color.green : na
//line buy or sell ==> linha de compra ou venda
plot(crossUP ? dema34 : crossDN ? dema34: na, color=tradeColor, style=plot.style_line, linewidth=4, editable=false, show_last=return)
//Buy point ==> pontos de compra
plotshape(crossUP ? dema34 : na, style=shape.labelup, location=location.absolute, text="Buy", transp=0, textcolor = color.white, color=color.green, editable=false, show_last=return)
//Sell points ==> pontos de venda
plotshape(crossDN ? dema34: na, style=shape.labeldown, location=location.absolute, text="Sell", transp=0, textcolor = color.white, color=color.red, editable=false, show_last=return)
//
//************************************************************
//Function==> Função | (13) Strategy Buy and Sell TRADE Points
//Reference: Pine Script Manual - Dalmar Santos
//************************************************************
//Start backtest year, month, day, hour, minute, second ==> Inicio do backtest ano, mês, dia, hora, minuto, segundo
start = timestamp(2021,01,01,1,00,00)
//*****************
//BUY ==> COMPRA
//*****************
if time>= start
if crossUP
strategy.close("Short", comment="Close Sell")
strategy.entry("Long", strategy.long, 1, comment="Open Buy")
//*****************
//SELL ==> Venda
//*****************
if crossDN
strategy.close("Long", comment="Close Buy")
strategy.entry("Short", strategy.short, 1, comment="Open Sell")