Stratégie de dissipation MACD et de moyenne mobile sur plusieurs délais

Auteur:ChaoZhang est là., Date: 2023-11-01 16h37 et 17h
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Résumé

Cette stratégie intègre l'indicateur MACD et les moyennes mobiles multi-temporelles pour former une stratégie de trading bidirectionnelle qui utilise à la fois des signaux de tendance et d'inversion de tendance.

La logique de la stratégie

  1. Utilisez deux groupes d'EMA avec des périodes différentes comme filtres à plusieurs délais pour déterminer la direction longue/courte: EMA rapide de 15 min au-dessus de l'EMA lente d'une heure comme filtre haussier, EMA rapide de 15 min au-dessous de l'EMA lente d'une heure comme filtre baissier.

  2. Identifier les éventuels renversements lorsque le MACD forme des divergences (histogramme dévie du prix).

  3. Lorsque le filtre haussier est activé, si une divergence haussière est détectée (prix nouveau haut mais MACD non), attendez que le MACD franchisse la ligne de signal et allez long.

  4. Le stop loss est réglé dynamiquement en fonction de la fourchette de prix le plus élevé/le plus bas.

  5. Position fermée lorsque l'histogramme MACD traverse la ligne 0 dans le sens opposé.

Analyse des avantages

  1. La combinaison EMA multi-temps filtre la direction de la tendance principale, évitant les transactions contre-tendance.

  2. Les divergences MACD permettent de saisir les opportunités de renversement des prix, ce qui convient aux stratégies de renversement.

  3. Le suivi dynamique des arrêts de perte maintient les bénéfices et empêche les pertes.

  4. Prendre un profit basé sur la distance de stop-loss donne le gain attendu.

Analyse des risques

  1. Les filtres de l'EMA peuvent donner une mauvaise orientation lors de la consolidation.

  2. Une magnitude inverse insuffisante après la divergence MACD peut entraîner des pertes.

  3. Un réglage incorrect de la distance de perte d'arrêt peut être trop lâche ou trop serré.

  4. Les bénéfices limités de la chambre inversée sont limités.

  5. Il faut bien inverser l'heure d'entrée, trop tôt ou trop tard peut entraîner des pertes.

Directions d'optimisation

  1. Testez différentes combinaisons d'EMA pour un meilleur jugement de la tendance.

  2. Essayez des paramètres plus sensibles.

  3. Testez différents ratios stop loss/take profit.

  4. Ajouter des filtres supplémentaires pour éviter les faux renversements, par exemple des EMA plus longues pour la tendance mondiale.

  5. Optimiser la confirmation d'entrée de renversement pour des renversements plus matures.

Conclusion

Cette stratégie utilise le filtrage de tendance, les signaux d'inversion, la gestion dynamique de stop/take profit pour trader avec la tendance et capitaliser sur les inversions.


/*backtest
start: 2023-01-01 00:00:00
end: 2023-06-16 00:00:00
period: 1h
basePeriod: 15m
exchanges: [{"eid":"Futures_Binance","currency":"BTC_USDT"}]
*/

// This source code is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public License 2.0 at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/
// © maxits
//@version=4

// MACD Divergence + Multi Time Frame EMA
// This Strategy uses 3 indicators: the Macd and two emas in different time frames
// The configuration of the strategy is:
// Macd standar configuration (12, 26, 9) in 1H resolution
// 10 periods ema, in 1H resolution
// 5 periods ema, in 15 minutes resolution

// We use the two emas to filter for long and short positions. 
// If 15 minutes ema is above 1H ema, we look for long positions
// If 15 minutes ema is below 1H ema, we look for short positions 

// We can use an aditional filter using a 100 days ema, so when the 15' and 1H emas are above the daily ema we take long positions
// Using this filter improves the strategy 

// We wait for Macd indicator to form a divergence between histogram and price
// If we have a bullish divergence, and 15 minutes ema is above 1H ema, we wait for macd line to cross above signal line and we open a long position
// If we have a bearish divergence, and 15 minutes ema is below 1H ema, we wait for macd line to cross below signal line and we open a short position

// We close both position after a cross in the oposite direction of macd line and signal line
// Also we can configure a Take profit parameter and a trailing stop loss


// strategy("Macd + MTF EMA",
//          overlay=true,
//          initial_capital=1000,
//          default_qty_value=20,
//          default_qty_type=strategy.percent_of_equity,
//          commission_value=0.1,
//          pyramiding=0)

// User Inputs
i_time          = input(defval = timestamp("01 Apr 2018 13:30 +0000"), title = "Start Time",  type = input.time)    // Starting  time for backtest
f_time          = input(defval = timestamp("30 Sep 2021 13:30 +0000"), title = "Finish Time", type = input.time)    // Finishing time for backtest

long_pos        = input(title="Show Long Positions",  defval=true, type=input.bool)                                 // Enable Long  Positions
short_pos       = input(title="Show Short Positions", defval=true, type=input.bool)                                 // Enable Short Positions
src             = input(close, title="Source")                                                                      // Price value to calculate indicators

emas_properties = input(title="============ EMAS Properties ============", defval=false, type=input.bool)           // Properties

mtf_15          = input(title="Fast EMA", type=input.resolution, defval="15")                                         // Resolucion para MTF EMA 15 minutes
ma_15_length    = input(5, title = "Fast EMA Period")                                                              // MTF EMA 15 minutes Length
mtf_60          = input(title="Slow EMA", type=input.resolution, defval="60")                                         // Resolucion para MTF EMA 60 minutes
ma_60_length    = input(10, title = "Slow EMA Period")                                                              // MTF EMA 60 minutes Length

e_new_filter    = input(title="Enable a Third Ema filter?", defval=true, type=input.bool) 
slowest_ema_len = input(100, title = "Fast EMA Period")
slowest_ema_res = input(title="Slowest EMA", type=input.resolution, defval="D")
macd_res        = input(title="MACD TimeFrame", type=input.resolution, defval="")                                   // MACD Time Frame

macd_properties = input(title="============ MACD Properties ============", defval="")                               // Properties

fast_len        = input(title="Fast Length", type=input.integer, defval=12)                                         // Fast MA Length
slow_len        = input(title="Sign Length", type=input.integer, defval=26)                                         // Sign MA Length
sign_len        = input(title="Sign Length", type=input.integer, defval=9) 

syst_properties = input(title="============ System Properties ============", defval="")                             // Properties

lookback        = input(title="Lookback period", type=input.integer, defval=14, minval=1)                            // Candles to lookback for swing high or low
multiplier      = input(title="Profit Multiplier based on Stop Loss", type=input.float, defval=6.0, minval=0.1)     // Profit multiplier based on stop loss
shortStopPer    = input(title="Short Stop Loss Percentage", type=input.float, defval=1.0, minval=0.0)/100           
longStopPer     = input(title="Long Stop Loss Percentage",  type=input.float, defval=2.0, minval=0.0)/100


// Indicators

[macd, signal, hist] = security(syminfo.tickerid, macd_res, macd(src, fast_len, slow_len, sign_len))
ma_15  = security(syminfo.tickerid, mtf_15, ema(src, ma_15_length))
ma_60  = security(syminfo.tickerid, mtf_60, ema(src, ma_60_length))
ma_slo = security(syminfo.tickerid, slowest_ema_res, ema(src, slowest_ema_len))

// Macd Plot

col_grow_above = #26A69A
col_grow_below = #FFCDD2
col_fall_above = #B2DFDB
col_fall_below = #EF5350

plot(macd,   color=color.new(color.blue, 0))              // Solo para visualizar que se plotea correctamente
plot(signal, color=color.new(color.orange, 0))
plot(hist,   style=plot.style_columns,
     color=(hist >= 0 ? (hist[1] < hist ? col_grow_above : col_fall_above) : 
     (hist[1] < hist ? col_grow_below : col_fall_below)))


// MTF EMA Plot
 
bullish_filter = e_new_filter ? ma_15 > ma_60 and ma_60 > ma_slo : ma_15 > ma_60 
bearish_filter = e_new_filter ? ma_15 < ma_60 and ma_60 < ma_slo : ma_15 < ma_60
    
plot(ma_15,  color=color.new(color.blue, 0))
plot(ma_60,  color=color.new(color.yellow, 0))
plot(e_new_filter ? ma_slo : na, color = ma_60 > ma_slo ? color.new(color.green, 0) : color.new(color.red, 0))

////////////////////////////////////////////// Logic For Divergence

zero_cross = false                                     
zero_cross := crossover(hist,0) or crossunder(hist,0)  //Cruce del Histograma a la linea 0
// plot(zero_cross ? 1 : na)

// MACD DIVERGENCE TOPS (Bearish Divergence) 

highest_top  = 0.0
highest_top := (zero_cross == true ? 0.0 : (hist > 0 and hist > highest_top[1] ? hist : highest_top[1]))
prior_top    = 0.0
prior_top   := (crossunder(hist,0) ? highest_top[1] : prior_top[1])  // Búsqueda del Maximo en MACD
// plot(highest_top)
// plot(prior_top)

highest_top_close  = 0.0
highest_top_close := (zero_cross == true ? 0.0 : (hist > 0 and hist > highest_top[1] ? close : highest_top_close[1]))
prior_top_close    = 0.0
prior_top_close   := (crossunder(hist,0) ? highest_top_close[1] : prior_top_close[1]) // Búsqueda del Maximo en pRECIO
// plot(highest_top_close)
// plot(prior_top_close)

top = false 
top := highest_top[1] < prior_top[1]
     and highest_top_close[1] > prior_top_close[1]
     and hist < hist[1]
     and crossunder(hist,0)                         // Bearish Divergence: top == true 


// MACD DIVERGENCE BOTTOMS (Bullish Divergence) 

lowest_bottom  = 0.0
lowest_bottom := (zero_cross == true ? 0.0 : (hist < 0 and hist < lowest_bottom[1] ? hist : lowest_bottom[1]))
prior_bottom   = 0.0
prior_bottom  := (crossover(hist,0) ? lowest_bottom[1] : prior_bottom[1])

lowest_bottom_close = 0.0
lowest_bottom_close := (zero_cross == true ? 0.0 : (hist < 0 and hist < lowest_bottom[1] ? close : lowest_bottom_close[1]))
prior_bottom_close = 0.0
prior_bottom_close := (crossover(hist,0) ? lowest_bottom_close[1] : prior_bottom_close[1])

bottom = false
bottom := lowest_bottom[1] > prior_bottom[1]
     and lowest_bottom_close[1] < prior_bottom_close[1]
     and hist > hist[1]
     and crossover(hist,0)                              // Bullish Divergence: bottom == true 


////////////////////////////////////////////// System Conditions //////////////////////////////////////////////

inTrade     = strategy.position_size != 0       // In Trade
longTrade   = strategy.position_size  > 0       // Long position
shortTrade  = strategy.position_size  < 0       // Short position
notInTrade  = strategy.position_size == 0       // No trade
entryPrice  = strategy.position_avg_price       // Position Entry Price

////////////////////////////////////////////// Long Conditions //////////////////////////////////////////////

sl = lowest(low, lookback)                  // Swing Low for Long Entry

longStopLoss    = 0.0                       // Trailing Stop Loss calculation
longStopLoss   := if (longTrade)
    astopValue  = sl * (1 - longStopPer)
    max(longStopLoss[1], astopValue)
else
    0

longTakeProf  = 0.0                         // Profit calculation based on stop loss
longTakeProf := if (longTrade)
    profitValue = entryPrice + (entryPrice - longStopLoss) * multiplier
    max(longTakeProf[1], profitValue)
else
    0
    
// Long Entry Conditions

if bottom and notInTrade and bullish_filter and long_pos
    strategy.entry(id="Go Long", long=strategy.long, comment="Long Position")

// strategy.close(id="Go Long", when=zero_cross)

if longTrade
    strategy.exit("Exit Long", "Go Long", limit = longTakeProf, stop = longStopLoss)

plot(longTrade and longStopLoss ? longStopLoss  : na, title="Long Stop Loss",  color=color.new(color.red, 0),   style=plot.style_linebr)
plot(longTrade and longTakeProf ? longTakeProf  : na, title="Long Take Prof",  color=color.new(color.green, 0), style=plot.style_linebr)

////////////////////////////////////////////// Short Conditions //////////////////////////////////////////////

sh = highest(high, lookback) // Swing High for Short Entry

shortStopLoss  = 0.0 
shortStopLoss := if (shortTrade)
    bstopValue = sh * (1 + shortStopPer)
    min(shortStopLoss[1], bstopValue)
else 
    999999
    
shortTakeProf    = 0.0    
shortTakeProf   := if (shortTrade)
    SprofitValue = entryPrice - (shortStopLoss - entryPrice) * multiplier
    min(SprofitValue, shortTakeProf[1])
else 
    999999
    
// Short Entry
if top and notInTrade and bearish_filter and short_pos
    strategy.entry(id="Go Short", long=strategy.short, comment="Short Position")

// strategy.close(id="Go Short", when=zero_cross)

if shortTrade
    strategy.exit("Exit Short", "Go Short", limit = shortTakeProf, stop = shortStopLoss)


plot(shortTrade and shortStopLoss ? shortStopLoss : na, title="Short Stop Loss", color=color.new(color.red, 0),   style=plot.style_linebr)
plot(shortTrade and shortTakeProf ? shortTakeProf : na, title="Short Take Prof", color=color.new(color.green, 0), style=plot.style_linebr)






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