Stratégie de suivi des tendances combinée à double EMA et RSI

Auteur:ChaoZhang est là., Date: 18 janvier 2024
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Résumé

Cette stratégie combine l'utilisation d'indicateurs doubles EMA et RSI pour identifier les tendances des prix et prendre des positions en temps opportun lorsque des renversements de tendance se produisent. Plus précisément, la stratégie utilise un cycle plus long EMA pour juger de la direction de la tendance principale, tout en utilisant l'indicateur RSI pour déterminer les conditions de surachat et de survente à court terme.

La logique de la stratégie

  1. Utilisez une EMA de 200 périodes pour déterminer la direction de la tendance principale.

  2. Le paramètre de l'indicateur RSI est réglé sur 10 périodes.

  3. Lorsque la tendance majeure est à la hausse (prix au-dessus de la ligne EMA) et que le signal RSI franchit le seuil inférieur à 40, passez long.

  4. Lorsque la tendance majeure est à la baisse (prix en dessous de la ligne EMA) et que l'indice RSI franchit le seuil supérieur à 60, un signal de surachat se produit.

  5. Prenez un profit fixé à 2 fois l'indicateur d'ATR pour un ratio de risque-récompense de 2: 1.

Analyse des avantages

Le plus grand avantage de cette stratégie est la combinaison des deux indicateurs de tendance et d'inversion, ce qui permet d'entrer en temps opportun lorsque des reculs se produisent dans les tendances, ce qui permet d'obtenir de meilleures performances.

  1. Utilisation du système EMA double pour déterminer la direction de la tendance principale pour un suivi efficace de la tendance.

  2. L'indicateur RSI identifie les conditions de surachat/survente à court terme, ce qui facilite le calendrier d'entrée.

  3. L'indicateur ATR de stop loss s'adapte à la volatilité du marché pour un meilleur contrôle des risques.

  4. Le respect strict des principes de négociation de tendance réduit les transactions inutiles et le risque systémique.

Analyse des risques

Les principaux risques de cette stratégie sont les suivants:

  1. Des signaux de trading faux peuvent se produire lorsque la tendance s'affaiblit et que les prix oscillent.

  2. L'arrêt des pertes défini par l'ATR peut être trop large ou trop serré dans des conditions de marché extrêmes.

  3. Une fréquence de signal potentiellement élevée nécessite une correspondance avec les préférences personnelles en matière de fréquence de négociation.

  4. Il convient de surveiller l'adéquation des paramètres de l'indicateur RSI afin de les optimiser en temps opportun.

Directions d'optimisation

Les principales orientations d'optimisation sont les suivantes:

  1. Testez en ajoutant d'autres indicateurs de tendance comme le MACD pour aider à juger de la tendance.

  2. Testez en combinant RSI avec d'autres indicateurs d'inversion comme KDJ, Bollinger Bands pour de meilleurs signaux.

  3. Introduction d'algorithmes d'apprentissage automatique pour les ajustements dynamiques des paramètres et la prise de stop loss/profit adaptative.

  4. Incorporer plus de facteurs comme les sentiments, les nouvelles pour une plus grande robustesse du système.

Conclusion

Dans l'ensemble, il s'agit d'une stratégie à court terme très typique combinant le suivi des tendances et les indicateurs d'inversion. Elle juge la tendance majeure avec une double EMA et capte les opportunités de rebond au sein des tendances en utilisant les caractéristiques d'inversion du RSI. En principe, cette stratégie combine les forces de différents indicateurs pour de très bons effets complémentaires.


/*backtest
start: 2024-01-10 00:00:00
end: 2024-01-14 13:00:00
period: 5m
basePeriod: 1m
exchanges: [{"eid":"Futures_Binance","currency":"BTC_USDT"}]
*/

// This source code is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public License 2.0 at https://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/
// © kevinmck100

// @description
// This strategy is intended to be used as a base template for building new strategies.
//
// It incorporates the following features:
//
//      - Risk management:  Configurable X% loss per stop loss
//                          Configurable R:R ratio
//
//      - Trade entry:      Calculated position size based on risk tolerance
//
//      - Trade exit:       Stop Loss currently configurable ATR multiplier but can be replaced based on strategy
//                          Take Profit calculated from Stop Loss using R:R ratio
//
//      - Backtesting:      Configurable backtesting range by date
//
//      - Trade drawings:   TP/SL boxes drawn for all trades. Can be turned on and off
//                          Trade exit information labels. Can be turned on and off
//                          NOTE: Trade drawings will only be applicable when using overlay strategies
//
//      - Debugging:        Includes section with useful debugging techniques
//
// Strategy conditions:
//
//      - Trade entry:      LONG:   C1: Price is above EMA line
//                                  C2: RSI is crossing out of oversold area
//                          SHORT:  C1: Price is below EMA line
//                                  C2: RSI is crossing out of overbought area
//
//      - Trade exit:       Stop Loss:      Stop Loss ATR multiplier is hit
//                          Take Profit:    R:R multiplier * Stop Loss is hit
//
// The idea is to use RSI to catch pullbacks within the main trend. Note that
// this strategy is intended to be a simple base strategy for building upon.
// It was not designed to be traded in its current form.

//@version=5
INITIAL_CAPITAL = 1000
DEFAULT_COMMISSION = 0.02
MAX_DRAWINGS = 500
IS_OVERLAY = true

strategy("Risk Management Strategy Template", "Strategy Template", overlay = IS_OVERLAY, initial_capital = INITIAL_CAPITAL, currency = currency.NONE, max_labels_count = MAX_DRAWINGS, max_boxes_count = MAX_DRAWINGS, max_lines_count = MAX_DRAWINGS, default_qty_type = strategy.cash, commission_type = strategy.commission.percent, commission_value = DEFAULT_COMMISSION)

// =============================================================================
// INPUTS
// =============================================================================

// ------------------------ Replacable section - Start -------------------------
// ------------------
// Indicator Settings
// ------------------
emaLength           = input.int (200,   "EMA Length          ",             group = "Indicators: Settings",         inline = "IS1", minval = 1,                 tooltip = "EMA line to identify trend direction. Above EMA trend line is bullish. Below EMA trend line is bearish")
rsiLength           = input.int (10,    "RSI Length            ",           group = "Indicators: Settings",         inline = "IS2", minval = 1)

// ----------------------
// Trade Entry Conditions
// ----------------------
rsiOverbought       = input.int (60,    "RSI Overbought        ",           group = "Strategy: Conditions",         inline = "SC1", minval = 50, maxval = 100,  tooltip = "RSI overbought level used to identify pullbacks within the main trend. RSI crossing BELOW this level triggers a SHORT when in a DOWN trend")
rsiOversold         = input.int (40,    "RSI Oversold          ",           group = "Strategy: Conditions",         inline = "SC2", minval = 0,  maxval = 50,   tooltip = "RSI overbought level used to identify pullbacks within the main trend. RSI crossing ABOVE this level triggers a LONG when in an UP trend")

// ---------------------
// Trade Exit Conditions
// ---------------------
atrLength           = input.int  (14,   "Stop Loss ATR Length      ",       group = "Strategy: Exit Conditions",    inline = "EC1", minval = 0,                 tooltip = "Length of ATR used to calculate Stop Loss.")
slAtrMultiplier     = input.float(4,    "Stop Loss ATR Multiplier     ",    group = "Strategy: Exit Conditions",    inline = "EC2", minval = 0, step = 0.1,     tooltip = "Size of StopLoss is determined by multiplication of ATR value. Take Profit is derived from this also by multiplying the StopLoss value by the Risk:Reward multiplier.")
// ------------------------- Replacable section - End --------------------------

// ---------------
// Risk Management
// ---------------
riskReward          = input.float(2,    "Risk : Reward        1 :",         group = "Strategy: Risk Management",    inline = "RM1", minval = 0, step = 0.1,     tooltip = "Previous high or low (long/short dependant) is used to determine TP level. 'Risk : Reward' ratio is then used to calculate SL based of previous high/low level.\n\nIn short, the higher the R:R ratio, the smaller the SL since TP target is fixed by previous high/low price data.")
accountRiskPercent  = input.float(1,    "Portfolio Risk %         ",        group = "Strategy: Risk Management",    inline = "RM1", minval = 0, step = 0.1,     tooltip = "Percentage of portfolio you lose if trade hits SL.\n\nYou then stand to gain\n  Portfolio Risk % * Risk : Reward\nif trade hits TP.")

// ----------
// Date Range
// ----------
startYear           = input.int (2022,  "Start Date       ",                group = 'Strategy: Date Range',         inline = 'DR1', minval    = 1900, maxval = 2100)
startMonth          = input.int (1,     "",                                 group = 'Strategy: Date Range',         inline = 'DR1', options   = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12])
startDate           = input.int (1,     "",                                 group = 'Strategy: Date Range',         inline = 'DR1', options   = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31])
endYear             = input.int (2100,  "End Date      ",                   group = 'Strategy: Date Range',         inline = 'DR2', minval    = 1900, maxval = 2100)
endMonth            = input.int (1,     "",                                 group = 'Strategy: Date Range',         inline = 'DR2', options   = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12])
endDate             = input.int (1,     "",                                 group = 'Strategy: Date Range',         inline = 'DR2', options   = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31])

// ----------------
// Drawing Settings
// ----------------
showTpSlBoxes       = input.bool(false,  "Show TP / SL Boxes",               group = "Strategy: Drawings",           inline = "D1",  tooltip = "Show or hide TP and SL position boxes.\n\nNote: TradingView limits the maximum number of boxes that can be displayed to 500 so they may not appear for all price data under test.")
showLabels          = input.bool(false, "Show Trade Exit Labels",           group = "Strategy: Drawings",           inline = "D2",  tooltip = "Useful labels to identify Profit/Loss and cumulative portfolio capital after each trade closes.\n\nAlso note that TradingView limits the max number of 'boxes' that can be displayed on a chart (max 500). This means when you lookback far enough on the chart you will not see the TP/SL boxes. However you can check this option to identify where trades exited.")

// =============================================================================
// INDICATORS
// =============================================================================

// ------------------------ Replacable section - Start -------------------------
// ---
// EMA
// ---
ema = ta.ema(close, emaLength)
plot(ema, "EMA Trend Line", color.white)

// ---
// RSI
// ---
rsi = ta.rsi(close, rsiLength)
// ------------------------- Replacable section - End --------------------------


// =============================================================================
// STRATEGY LOGIC
// =============================================================================

// ---------
// FUNCTIONS
// ---------

percentAsPoints(pcnt) =>
    math.round(pcnt / 100 * close / syminfo.mintick)
    
calcStopLossPrice(pointsOffset, isLong) =>
    priceOffset = pointsOffset * syminfo.mintick
    if isLong
        close - priceOffset
    else 
        close + priceOffset

calcProfitTrgtPrice(pointsOffset, isLong) =>
    calcStopLossPrice(-pointsOffset, isLong)
    
        
printLabel(barIndex, msg) => label.new(barIndex, close, msg)

printTpSlHitBox(left, right, slHit, tpHit, entryPrice, slPrice, tpPrice) => 
    if showTpSlBoxes
        box.new (left = left,   top = entryPrice,   right = right,  bottom = slPrice,   bgcolor = slHit ? color.new(color.red, 60)   : color.new(color.gray, 90), border_width = 0)
        box.new (left = left,   top = entryPrice,   right = right,  bottom = tpPrice,   bgcolor = tpHit ? color.new(color.green, 60) : color.new(color.gray, 90), border_width = 0)
        line.new(x1 = left,     y1 = entryPrice,    x2 = right,     y2 = entryPrice,    color = color.new(color.yellow, 20))
        line.new(x1 = left,     y1 = slPrice,       x2 = right,     y2 = slPrice,       color = color.new(color.red, 20))
        line.new(x1 = left,     y1 = tpPrice,       x2 = right,     y2 = tpPrice,       color = color.new(color.green, 20))
        
printTpSlNotHitBox(left, right, entryPrice, slPrice, tpPrice) => 
    if showTpSlBoxes
        box.new (left = left,   top = entryPrice,   right = right,  bottom = slPrice,   bgcolor = color.new(color.gray, 90), border_width = 0)
        box.new (left = left,   top = entryPrice,   right = right,  bottom = tpPrice,   bgcolor = color.new(color.gray, 90), border_width = 0)
        line.new(x1 = left,     y1 = entryPrice,    x2 = right,     y2 = entryPrice,    color = color.new(color.yellow, 20))
        line.new(x1 = left,     y1 = slPrice,       x2 = right,     y2 = slPrice,       color = color.new(color.red, 20))
        line.new(x1 = left,     y1 = tpPrice,       x2 = right,     y2 = tpPrice,       color = color.new(color.green, 20))
        
printTradeExitLabel(x, y, posSize, entryPrice, pnl) => 
    if showLabels
        labelStr = "Position Size: " + str.tostring(math.abs(posSize), "#.##") + "\nPNL: " + str.tostring(pnl, "#.##") + "\nCapital: " + str.tostring(strategy.equity, "#.##") + "\nEntry Price: " + str.tostring(entryPrice, "#.##")
        label.new(x = x, y = y, text = labelStr, color = pnl > 0 ? color.new(color.green, 60) : color.new(color.red, 60), textcolor = color.white, style = label.style_label_down)

// ----------
// CONDITIONS
// ----------

inDateRange         = time >= timestamp(syminfo.timezone, startYear, startMonth, startDate, 0, 0) and time < timestamp(syminfo.timezone, endYear, endMonth, endDate, 0, 0)

// ------------------------ Replacable section - Start -------------------------
// Condition 1: Price above EMA indicates bullish trend, price below EMA indicates bearish trend
bullEma             = close > ema
bearEma             = close < ema

// Condition 2: RSI crossing back from overbought/oversold indicates pullback within trend
bullRsi             = ta.crossover  (rsi, rsiOversold)
bearRsi             = ta.crossunder (rsi, rsiOverbought)

// Combine all entry conditions
goLong              = inDateRange and bullEma and bullRsi
goShort             = inDateRange and bearEma and bearRsi
// ------------------------- Replacable section - End --------------------------

// Trade entry and exit variables
var tradeEntryBar   = bar_index
var profitPoints    = 0.
var lossPoints      = 0.
var slPrice         = 0.
var tpPrice         = 0.
var inLong          = false
var inShort         = false

// Entry decisions
openLong            = (goLong and not inLong)
openShort           = (goShort and not inShort)
flippingSides       = (goLong and inShort) or (goShort and inLong)
enteringTrade       = openLong or openShort
inTrade             = inLong or inShort

// ------------------------ Replacable section - Start -------------------------
// Exit calculations
atr                 = ta.atr(atrLength)
slAmount            = atr * slAtrMultiplier
slPercent           = math.abs((1 - (close - slAmount) / close) * 100)
tpPercent           = slPercent * riskReward
// ------------------------- Replacable section - End --------------------------

// Risk calculations
riskAmt             = strategy.equity * accountRiskPercent / 100
entryQty            = math.abs(riskAmt / slPercent * 100)  / close

if openLong
    if strategy.position_size < 0
        printTpSlNotHitBox(tradeEntryBar + 1, bar_index + 1, strategy.position_avg_price, slPrice, tpPrice)
        printTradeExitLabel(bar_index + 1, math.max(tpPrice, slPrice), strategy.position_size, strategy.position_avg_price, strategy.openprofit)
    strategy.entry("Long", strategy.long, qty = entryQty, alert_message = "Long Entry")
    enteringTrade   := true
    inLong          := true
    inShort         := false

if openShort
    if strategy.position_size > 0
        printTpSlNotHitBox(tradeEntryBar + 1, bar_index + 1, strategy.position_avg_price, slPrice, tpPrice)
        printTradeExitLabel(bar_index + 1, math.max(tpPrice, slPrice), strategy.position_size, strategy.position_avg_price, strategy.openprofit)
    strategy.entry("Short", strategy.short, qty = entryQty, alert_message = "Short Entry")
    enteringTrade   := true
    inShort         := true
    inLong          := false

if enteringTrade
    profitPoints    := percentAsPoints(tpPercent)
    lossPoints      := percentAsPoints(slPercent)
    slPrice         := calcStopLossPrice(lossPoints, openLong)
    tpPrice         := calcProfitTrgtPrice(profitPoints, openLong)
    tradeEntryBar   := bar_index

strategy.exit("TP/SL", profit = profitPoints, loss = lossPoints, comment_profit = "TP Hit", comment_loss = "SL Hit", alert_profit = "TP Hit Alert", alert_loss = "SL Hit Alert")

// =============================================================================
// DRAWINGS
// =============================================================================

// -----------
// TP/SL Boxes
// -----------

slHit           = (inShort and high >= slPrice) or (inLong  and low <= slPrice)
tpHit           = (inLong  and high >= tpPrice) or (inShort and low <= tpPrice)
exitTriggered   = slHit or tpHit
entryPrice      = strategy.closedtrades.entry_price (strategy.closedtrades - 1)
pnl             = strategy.closedtrades.profit      (strategy.closedtrades - 1)
posSize         = strategy.closedtrades.size        (strategy.closedtrades - 1)

// Print boxes for trades closed at profit or loss
if (inTrade and exitTriggered) 
    inShort    := false
    inLong     := false 
    printTpSlHitBox(tradeEntryBar + 1, bar_index, slHit, tpHit, entryPrice, slPrice, tpPrice)
    printTradeExitLabel(bar_index, math.max(tpPrice, slPrice), posSize, entryPrice, pnl)

// Print TP/SL box for current open trade
if barstate.islastconfirmedhistory and strategy.position_size != 0
    printTpSlNotHitBox(tradeEntryBar + 1, bar_index + 1, strategy.position_avg_price, slPrice, tpPrice)
    
// =============================================================================
// DEBUGGING
// =============================================================================

// Data window plots
plotchar(slPrice,    "Stop Loss Price",     "")
plotchar(tpPrice,    "Take Profit Price",   "")

// Label plots
plotDebugLabels = false
if plotDebugLabels
    if bar_index == tradeEntryBar 
        printLabel(bar_index, "Position size: " + str.tostring(entryQty * close, "#.##"))


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